The initiation of surface waves over a layered structure is discussed. The analysis is done on a plane layered structure consisting of flowing air, epithelium, Reinke's space, and muscle. Only after the problem is solved for the homogeneous planar structure is a length scale imposed to determine a preferred wavelength, and the conditions for instability derived. Although the layered structure i...

Graphene quantum dots (GQDs) have received much research attention due to their unique optical/electrical/magnetic features. However, the intrinsic relationship between the structure and properties of GQDs remains not fully understood, because the controlled synthesis and the accurate structure determination of GQDs are still a great challenge. Here, single-layered GQDs are successfully obtaine...

We propose a “layered structured network diagram,” which consists of layers of time differences. We have implemented a tool called “NeL” for handling layered structured network diagrams. Layered structured network diagrams have multiple accumulated layers and are not single diagrams. Using this layered structure, time differences can be included in one diagram. In addition, various type of info...

Filter networks, i.e. decomposition of a filter set into a layered structure of sparse subfilters has been proven successful for e.g. efficient convolution using finite impulse response filters. The efficiency is due to the significantly reduced number of multiplications and additions per data sample that is required. The computational gain is dependent on the choice of network structure and th...