During growth on starch medium, the S-layer-carrying Bacillus stearothermophilus ATCC 12980 and an S-layer-deficient variant each secreted three amylases, with identical molecular weights of 58,000, 122,000, and 184,000, into the culture fluid. Only the high-molecular-weight amylase (hmwA) was also identified as cell associated. Extraction and reassociation experiments showed that the hmwA had ...

In this research, novel functionally graded Ni-P coating was deposited with electroless process. The content of phosphorus was controlled to change gradual through the thickness of the coating. During the plating, bath temperature and pH were changed at specified intervals to obtain functionally graded structure. To compare the properties of functionally graded coating with Ni-P single-layer co...

Double-diffusive convection in a micropolar fluid layer heated and soluted from below in the presence of uniform rotation saturating a porous medium is theoretically investigated. An exact solution is obtained for a flat fluid layer contained between two free boundaries. To study the onset of convection, a linear stability analysis theory and normal mode analysis method have been used. For the ...

This paper deals with the theoretical investigation of the thermal instability of a thin layer of electrically conducting micropolar rotating fluid, heated from below in the presence of uniform vertical magnetic field in porous medium. A dispersion relation is obtained for a flat fluid layer, contained between two free boundaries using a linear stability analysis theory, and normal mode analysi...

Love-type wave generation in a fiber-reinforced medium placed over an inhomogeneous orthotropic half-space is analysed. The upper and lower boundary surfaces of the fiber reinforced medium are periodically corrugated. Inhomogeneity of half-space is caused by variable density and variable shear modules. Displacement components for layer and half-space are derived by applying separable variable t...

Routing in Wireless Network is challenging because of the unpredictable behavior of the medium and the proactive effect of interference. All of these factors lead to poor performance in multi-hop wireless mesh networks specially with the conventional routing. In order to exploit all the advantages that the wireless medium offers, new routing metrics must be explored. These metrics should come f...

Despite some scepticism, cross-layer optimization has largely been accepted as an indispensable part of protocol design for wireless networks. In this respect, generalized network utility maximization (GNUM) has become a widely employed systematic approach for understanding the interconnections between layers and designing efficient cross-layer protocols. In this paper we adopt the GNUM approac...

Interstitial lung diseases associated with hypoxia, such as lung fibrosis, are characterized by enhanced production of transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) and increased deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM) molecules, including glycosaminoglycans (GAGs). In this study, we investigated the effect of hypoxia (3% O(2)) on TGF-beta-induced GAG synthesis by primary human pulmonary fibrobla...

WiFi’s physical layer has increased in speed from 802.11b’s 11 Mbps to the Gbps rates of emerging 802.11ac. Despite these gains, WiFi’s inefficient MAC layer limits achievable end-to-end throughput. The culprit is 802.11’s mandatory idle period before each medium acquisition, which has come to dwarf the duration of a packet’s transmission. This overhead is especially punishing for TCP traffic, ...

New applications for wireless sensor networks (WSNs), for instance temperature monitoring for healthcare [1], have been created recently, spreading the use of these networks from the military to many other fields such as industry, surveillance, healthcare, and entertainment [2]. The growing importance of WSNs gives rise to new problems concerning the sensors limited energy and memory capacity, ...