Acoustic evidence suggests that contemporary Seoul Korean may be developing a tonal system, which is arising in the context of a nearly completed change in how speakers use voice onset time (VOT) to mark the language’s distinction among tense, lax and aspirated stops.Data from 36 native speakers of varying ages indicate that while VOT for tense stops has not changed since the 1960s, VOT differe...

In this talk we introduce generalised Calogero–Moser models and demonstrate their integrability by constructing universal Lax pair operators. These include models based on non-crystallographic root systems, that is the root systems of the finite reflection groups, H3, H4, and the dihedral group I2(m), besides the well-known ones based on crystallographic root systems, namely those associated wi...

This paper relates labelled transition systems and coalgebras with the motivation of comparing and combining their complementary contributions to the theory of concurrent systems. The well-known mismatch between these two notions concerning the morphisms is resolved by extending the coalgebraic framework by lax cohomomorphisms. Enriching both labelled transition systems and coalgebras with alge...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS The root meristem of the Arabidopsis thaliana mature embryo is a highly organized structure in which individual cell shape and size must be regulated in co-ordination with the surrounding cells. The objective of this study was to determine the role of the AUX1 LAX family of auxin import carriers during the establishment of the embryonic root cell pattern. METHODS The radic...

Binary logical relations do not compose. So we generalise the notion of logical relation to one of lax logical relation, so that binary lax logical relations do compose. We give both a direct generalisation and a corresponding category theoretic formulation. We generalise the Basic Lemma for logical relations to a Basic Lemma for lax logical relations. Finally, we give an axiomatic category the...

The notion of geometric nerve of a 2-category (Street, [18]) provides a full and faithful functor if regarded as defined on the category of 2-categories and lax 2-functors. Furthermore, lax 2-natural transformations between lax 2-functors give rise to homotopies between the corresponding sim-plicial maps. These facts allow us to prove a representation theorem of the general non abelian cohomolo...

The category of Set-valued presheaves on a small category B is a topos. Replacing Set by a bicategory S whose objects are sets and morphisms are spans, relations, or partial maps, we consider a category Lax(B,S) of S-valued lax functors on B. When S = Span, the resulting category is equivalent to Cat/B, and hence, is rarely even cartesian closed. Restricting this equivalence gives rise to expon...