The establishment of a pre-pattern or competence to form new organs is a key feature of the postembryonic plasticity of plant development, and the elaboration of such pre-patterns leads to remarkable heterogeneity in plant form. In root systems, many of the differences in architecture can be directly attributed to the outgrowth of lateral roots. In recent years, efforts have focused on understa...

The axillary artery is the continuation of the subclavian artery beyond the outer border of the first rib. The artery is divided into three parts by the pectoralis minor muscle. The first part of the artery gives superior thoracic artery. The second part of the artery gives lateral thoracic and thoracoacromial branches. The third part gives subscapular, anterior circumflex and posterior circumf...

this study was conducted on 48 specimens of rectus abdominis muscles for recognition and definition of passage and ramification of lower intercostal nerves. the main results of this study are as follows: 1- the seventh and eight intercostal nerves penetrated to posterior layer of the rectus sheath while other intercostal nerves perforated to dorsal layer of internal oblique abdominis aponeurosi...

INTRODUCTION Textbook representations of the genicular arterial anastomosis show a large direct communication between the descending branch of the lateral circumflex femoral artery (DBLCFA) and a genicular branch of the popliteal artery but this is not compatible with clinical experience. The aim of this study was to determine whether the arterial anastomosis at the knee is sufficient, in the e...

a 78-year-old woman was referred for coronary angiography with the chief complaint of exertional angina and dyspnea of a very long duration during routine daily physical activities. she had a history of poorly controlled hypertension and dyslipidemia. coronary angiography revealed diffuse three-vessel disease. interestingly, an unusual branch was noted originating from the mid shaft of the left...

OBJECTIVE To describe the trajectory of the posterior ventricular branches of the coronary arteries in the epicardial adipose tissue, and to propose a new criterion for analyzing the distribution of these branches, according to the traditional classification, to determine the predominance or balance of the coronary arteries in the arterial supply to the heart. METHODS Forty hearts obtained fr...

Sensory neurons can establish topologically ordered projections in the central nervous system, thereby building an internal representation of the external world. We analyze how this ordering is genetically controlled in Drosophila, using as a model system the neurons that innervate the mechanosensory bristles on the back of the fly (the notum). Sensory neurons innervating the medially located b...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE FDs are new intracranial stents designed to occlude aneurysms while preserving flow to jailed arterial branches. We tested this fundamental principle in a new aneurysm model. MATERIALS AND METHODS Canine lateral wall aneurysms, featuring a branch located immediately opposite the aneurysm, were created in 16 animals to study the effects on aneurysm or branch occlusion us...