Background Till not many years ago, the recommended treatment for advanced laryngeal cancer was a total laryngectomy followed by adjuvant radiation therapy. Studies conducted from 1980’s have broadened the therapeutic options, in the attempt to cure the cancer while sparing laryngeal functions. Functional surgery and a combination of chemotherapy (CT) and radiotherapy (RT) appears to be able to...

Pointreau et al. (1) clearly showed that docetaxel, cisplatin, and 5-fluorouracil (TPF) is better than PF for larynx preservation in their important phase III study. Unfortunately, we are only given results for larynx preservation as an indicator of a successful laryngeal outcome. It is important to address the issue of laryngectomy-free survival, too, because that endpoint has broader implicat...

The superior laryngeal artery is the primary vessel providing blood supply to larynx. Commonly, it derived from thyroid artery. Different variations in origin have been described current literature; knowledge of such crucial for various surgical interventions larynx and procedures lateral region neck regarding carotid triangle. It should be noted that radiological studies, as selective angiogra...

The larynx is the major organ of vocalization. The intrinsic laryngeal muscles modify the internal shape of the larynx while the extrinsic laryngeal muscles move the entire larynx vertically in the airway. Previous neuroimaging research has established the somatotopic location of the intrinsic musculature of the larynx in the human motor cortex and showed it to be in an evolutionarily novel loc...

OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS To develop and validate a simple prognostic tool that would help predict larynx preservation outcome. STUDY DESIGN A retrospective review of 3 prospective studies. METHODS We reviewed consecutive chemotherapy/radiation protocols for patients (n = 170) with advanced, resectable, squamous cell, larynx, or pharynx cancer treated at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center f...

1.1.1. Indirect laryngoscopy Knowing that almost all laryngeal and tracheal diseases are visible at the surface of the mucous membranes it is of particular interest to visualize these structures. Endoscopic examinations of the larynx and the trachea are essential in the otorhinolaryngo‐ logical field and had their beginning over 200 years ago. Before the 1800`s only autopsy specimen could clari...

Introduction The larynx of the horse is part of the upper airway and serves as a conduit between the pharynx and the trachea, or the wind pipe that takes inspired air to the lungs for gas exchange. The larynx is comprised of a number of cartilages that work together to allow for increased airflow during exercise and to close the trachea during swallowing to prevent foreign material and food par...

Cetaceans are neckless, so the trachea is very short. The upper respiratory tract is separate from the mouth and pharynx, and the dorsal blowhole connects, via the vestibular and nasopalatine cavities, directly to the larynx. Toothed cetaceans (Odontoceti) are capable of producing sounds at depth, either for locating prey or for communication. It has been suggested that during dives, air from t...

A case of congenital atresia of the larynx in association with the Prune Belly Syndrome is reported. Some aspects of the aetiology and management of congenital atresia of the larynx are reviewed.

We report one case of chondrosarcoma of the larynx, which is considered to be rather uncommon. Clinical signs and symptoms have been noted, as well as some suggestions on the aetiology, incidence and site of cartliaginous tumours of the larynx.