The larva of the tortoise beetle, Hemisphaerota cyanea (Chrysomelidae, Cassidinae), constructs a thatch from long filamentous fecal strands, beneath which it is totally concealed. The thatch is not discarded at molting but is enlarged by addition of strands as the larva grows. Thatch construction begins when the larva hatches from the egg. Pupation occurs beneath the thatch. Two predators, a co...

The common housefly, Musca domestica, is a considerable component of nutrient recycling in the environment. Use of housefly larvae to biodegrade manure presents an opportunity to reduce waste disposal while the rapidly assimilated insect biomass can also be used as a protein rich animal feed. In this study, we examine the biodegradation of dairy cattle manure using housefly larvae, and the nutr...

Organisms can end up in unfavourable conditions and to survive this they have evolved various strategies. Some organisms, including nematodes, survive unfavourable conditions by undergoing developmental arrest. The model nematode Caenorhabditis elegans has a developmental choice between two larval forms, and it chooses to develop into the arrested dauer larva form in unfavourable conditions (sp...

A case of acute intestinal anisakiasis has been reported; a nematode larva being found in the submucosa of the ileum of a woman in Jaén (Spain). The source of infection was the ingestion of raw Engraulis encrasicholus. On the basis of its morphology, the worm has been identified as a fourth-stage larva of Anisakis simplex. In Spain, this is the ninth report of human anisakiasis and also probabl...

toxocariasis or visceral larva migrans (vlm) is a parasitic infection resulting from the invasion of human visceral organs by nematode larvae of genus toxocara (dog ascaris). using gathered information of clinical manifestations, past history, biochemical and haematological tests, indirect fluorescence antibody test (ifa) and follow up of patients, totally 10 human cases (6 males and 4 females)...

case presentation here, we report three rare but well-documented cases of central nervous system hydatid cysts that occurred in patients in iran. conclusions we also provide a brief review of the literature examining similar occurrences. this article intends to provide thorough information about the disease for readers. introduction hydatid disease is caused most common by echinococcus granulos...

The internal concentrations of active pharmaceutical compounds in insects/macroinvertebrates River Fyris, Uppsala, Sweden, have for the first time been investigated. Specimen backswimmer, caddisfly larva, damselfly mayfly larva and water louse were caught river downstream a waste-water treatment plant. After homogenization extraction, analysis was carried out with Ultra-High Performance Liquid ...

The last instar larva of Metapteron xanthomelas (Lucas, 1857) is described. This is the first description of a larva for the genus. Two live larvae collected in the Brazilian Atlantic coast Restinga Forest of Itanhaém, São Paulo, were reared, one to adult and one was fixed in the last instar. This larva differs from the known Calopterini larvae by the absence of urogomphi, the dorsal abdominal ...

Anopheles (Nyssorhynchus) lanei Galvão and Amaral is here redescribed using morphological characteristics of adult, male and female, fourth instar larva and pupa. The larva, pupa, and male genitalia are illustrated. Diagnostic morphological characters of adults, male genitalia, fourth instar larva and pupa are provided to distinguish An. lanei from other species of the Argyritarsis section. Spe...