Lactobacillus plantarum is a lactic acid bacterium that produces a racemic mixture of l- and d-lactate from sugar fermentation. The interconversion of lactate isomers is performed by a lactate racemase (Lar) that is transcriptionally controlled by the l-/d-lactate ratio and maximally induced in the presence of l-lactate. We previously reported that the Lar activity depends on the expression of ...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS Octreotide reduces splanchnic blood flow and is effective in controlling gastrointestinal bleeding (GIB) caused by portal hypertension. Monthly long-acting octreotide (OCT-LAR) with an efficacy and safety profile similar to subcutaneous daily administration presents an attractive option for long-term therapy. We report our experience with OCT-LAR for severe/recurrent GIB in ...

BACKGROUND Largehead Atractylodes Rhizome (LAR) is the most commonly used Chinese medicine to prevent early pregnancy loss due to threatened miscarriage. However, its safety profile during pregnancy is still not available. Here we aimed to identify the potential adverse effects of LAR on embryo-fetal development as well as prenatal and post-natal growth. METHODS Pregnant mice, rats and rabbit...

PURPOSE To investigate second cancer risk (SCR) comparing volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) and 3D conformal radiotherapy (3DCRT) with different high dose fractionation schemes. METHODS VMAT and 3DCRT virtual treatment plans for 25 patients previously treated with radiotherapy for rectal cancer were evaluated retrospectively. Doses prescribed were 25 × 1.8 Gy and 5 × 5 Gy, respectively....

OBJECTIVE This study was conducted to evaluate the safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics (PKs) of different doses of a long-acting release (LAR) formulation of pasireotide in healthy subjects. DESIGN Single-center, open-label, randomized Phase I study. METHODS Twelve healthy male subjects received a single s.c. dose of pasireotide 300 μg followed by a washout period of 7 days (or at le...

BACKGROUND Advances in immunosuppression after kidney transplantation have decreased the influence of early acute rejection (EAR) on graft survival. Several studies have suggested that late acute rejection (LAR) has a poorer effect on long-term graft survival than EAR. We investigated whether the timing of acute rejection (AR) influences graft survival, and analyzed the risk factors for EAR and...

BACKGROUND Octreotide long-acting repeatable (LAR) is approved in the United States for the management of carcinoid syndromes among patients with neuroendocrine tumors (NET). The objective of our study is to evaluate the impact of octreotide LAR on overall survival (OS), as it has not been established. METHODS NET patients of 65 years and older diagnosed between January 1999 and December 2009...

OBJECTIVE This study compares 3 cohorts of patients with schizophrenia before, during, and after initiating treatment with fluphenazine decanoate (FD), haloperidol decanoate (HD), or long-acting injectable risperidone (LAR). METHODS Administrative data are analyzed from California Medicaid (Medi-Cal) beneficiaries with schizophrenia who initiated FD, HD, or LAR treatment. Patients were requir...

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent adult stem cells that can differentiate into a variety of mesodermal-lineage cells. MSCs have significant potential in tissue engineering and therapeutic applications; however, the low differentiation and proliferation efficiencies of these cells in the laboratory are fundamental obstacles to their therapeutic use, mainly owing to the lack of inform...

The location-aided routing scheme 1 (LAR-1) and probabilistic algorithms were combined together into a new algorithm for route discovery in mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs) called (LAR-1P) [1]. Simulation results demonstrated that, on network scale, for a uniform random node distribution and for a specific simulation setup (time); the LAR-1P algorithm reduces the number of retransmissions as com...