Sir,—I refer to the recent review by Phillips, Daborn and Hatch [1]. Between 1991 and 1993 the Department of Anaesthetics in Newcastle examined the problem of preoperative fasting intervals for children presenting for routine surgery. An initial audit revealed that many children were undergoing prolonged fasts before anaesthesia. After reviewing the literature [2], 8 clear fluid fast of 2 h was...

Lane cracks are one of the biggest threats to pavement conditions. The automatic detection lane can not only assist evaluation road quality and quantity but also be used develop best crack repair plan, so as keep level ensure driving safety. Although extracted from images because gray intensity pixels is lower than background intensity, it still a challenge extract continuous complete three-lan...

Headway or inter-arrival time of vehicles is an important parameter in traffic flow, especially in urban roads, since this is one of the main parameters to determine the minimum (safe) gap between vehicles and the capacity. The studies done on headway analysis have mostly concentrated on homogeneous traffic where the flow follows lane discipline. This ideal situation does not exist on Indian ur...

Lane 1. control jejunal extract; lane 2, A; lane 3, precursor; lane 4. HLe(a-b-); lane 5, Led; lane 6, lacto-N-tetraose; lane 7, lacto-N-fucopentaose I; lane 8,lacto-N-fucopentaose 11; lane 9, lacto-N-difucohexaose I; lane 10, lacto-N-difucohexaose 11; lane I I , lacto-difucotetraose; lane 12. lacto-N-neotetraose; lane 13. 2-fucosyl-lactose; lane 14, 3-fucosyl-lactose. Lanes 2-5 contain ovarian...

Executive Summary Traffic control in highway weaving sections is complicated since vehicles are crossing paths, changing lanes, or merging with through traffic as they enter or exit an expressway. There are two types of weaving sections: (a) single weaving sections which have one point of entry upstream and one point of exit downstream; and (b) multiple weaving sections which have more than one...

1 Traffic signs are an integral element of any transportation network; however, keeping records of 2 those signs and their conditions is a tedious process, which is both time consuming and labour 3 intensive. As a result, many agencies around the world have been working towards automating the 4 process of sign collection. One form of automation is using remote sensing techniques to extract 5 tr...

This study tested the effects of lane width, lane position and edge shoulder width on driving behavior for a three-lane underground urban expressway. A driving simulator was used with 24 volunteer test subjects. Five lane widths (2.85, 3.00, 3.25, 3.50, and 3.75 m) and three shoulder widths (0.50, 0.75, and 1.00 m) were studied. Driving speed, lane deviation and subjective perception of driving...

in this paper, an analytical method called the parametric iteration method (pim) is presented for solving the second-order singular ivps of lane-emden type, and its local convergence is discussed. since it is often useful to have an approximate analytical solution to describe the lane-emden type equa- tions, especially for ones where the closed-form solutions do not exist at all, therefore, an ...

One cannot imagine daily life today without mobile devices such as mobile phones or PDAs. They tend to become your mobile computer offering all features one might need on the way. As a result devices are less expensive and include a huge amount of high end technological components. Thus they also become attractive for scientific research. This work addresses the exploration of mobile phone usag...

This papaer proposes a method of estimating the state of a driving lane by using a multiple-model particle filter for switching the type of multiple-lane model. This model represents whether there is a lane to the left or right of the running lane or there are lanes on both sides of the running lane. Using the context that an image is captured by car-mounted camera, we simplified the lane detec...