Escalating stratums of breeze vigor, which is variable, difficult to predict accurately, and escalating connected via power electronic converters, are changing how electricity grids are planned, designed, and operated. . Systems with high breeze penetration are also experiencing dramatic changes to the operating regimes of conventional resources to areas with large loads. Optimal diminutive-ten...

Our knowledge of sea breeze remains poor in the coastal area East China, due largely to high terrain heterogeneity. Five–year (2016–2020) consecutive wind observations from a 10-m tower and radar profiler are used characterize sea–land at Qingdao, city China. The surface temperatures nearby buoy station Yellow Sea further elucidate land–sea thermal contrast. First all, three types determined ac...

The austral summer monsoon onset and post-onset rainfall and their associated low-level winds are analyzed during the August-February season over Indonesia from 1979 to 2006 using surface and satellite products as well as reanalyses and regional climate model simulations. Onset date is defined using a local agronomic definition. Its leading empirical orthogonal function is found to exhibit a la...

Renewable energy is crucial for achieving net zero emissions. Taiwan has abundant wind resources and most major farms are offshore over the Strait due to a lack of space on land. A thorough study that includes time series modeling speed sea breeze identification evaluation Taiwan’s was conducted. The identified two periodic (annual diurnal) components an autoregressive model multiple-year serie...