We give a combinatorial criterion for a critical diameter to be compatible with a nondegenerate quadratic lamination.

The types of packages and containers in circulation are extremely wide-ranging: glass bottles, aluminum cans, detergent containers, gift-wraps, food packaging films and so forth. According to the statistics for 2007, total expenditure on packages and containers reached 6.2 trillion yen 1). The theme of this article, extrusion lamination processing, plays an important role in manufacturing paper...

Both mammals and birds can flexibly organize their behavior over time. In mammals, the mental operations generating this ability are called executive functions and are associated with the prefrontal cortex. The corresponding structure in birds is the nidopallium caudolaterale. Anatomical, neurochemical, electrophysiological and behavioral studies show these structures to be highly similar. The ...

A simple lamination process of the top electrode for perovskite solar cells is demonstrated. The laminate electrode consists of a transparent and conductive plastic/metal mesh substrate, coated with an adhesive mixture of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate), PEDOT:PSS, and sorbitol. The laminate electrode showed a high degree of transparency of 85%. Best cell performance was...

We examine the dependence of the deformation obtained by bending quasi-Fuchsian structures on the bending lamination. We show that when we consider bending quasi-Fuchsian structures on a closed surface, the conditions obtained by Epstein and Marden to relate weak convergence of arbitrary laminations to the convergence of bending cocycles are not necessary. Bending may not be continuous on the s...

We study two boundaries for the Teichmüller space of a surface Teich(S) due to Bers and Thurston. Each point in Bers’ boundary is a hyperbolic 3-manifold with an associated geodesic lamination on S, its endinvariant, while each point in Thurston’s is a measured geodesic lamination, up to scale. We show that when dimC(Teich(S)) > 1 the end-invariant is not a continuous map to Thurston’s boundary...

The lateral geniculate nucleus, which lies between the retina and the striate cortex in the visual pathway of mammals, is often made up of several distinctive cell layers, or laminae. We have used immunohistochemical methods to localize two glial cell intermediate filament proteins, glial fibrillary acidic protein and vimentin, and have found that layering of glial cells is evident before neuro...

This study was focused on the analysis of cell type differentiation and synaptogenesis as well as outer segment formation in an organotypic culture of the neonatal rat retina during a 6-14 day period of in vitro development. Moreover, the effects of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) on these processes were investigated. The in vitro development resulted in a retinal architecture and laminati...