The concepts of covering and matching in fuzzy graphs using strong arcs are introduced and obtained the relationship between them analogous to Gallai’s results in graphs. The notion of paired domination in fuzzy graphs using strong arcs is also studied. The strong paired domination number γspr of complete fuzzy graph and complete bipartite fuzzy graph is determined and obtained bounds for the s...

The aim of this work is to investigate the F-index and F-coindex of the line graphs of the cycle graphs, star graphs, tadpole graphs, wheel graphs and ladder graphs using the subdivision concepts. F-index of the line graph of subdivision graph of square grid graph, 2D-lattice, nanotube and nanotorus of TUC4C8[p, q] are also investigated here.

A graph G of order n is said to be borderenergetic if its energy is equal to 2n-2 and if G differs from the complete graph Kn. The first such graph was discovered in 2001, but their systematic study started only in 2015. Until now, the number of borderenergetic graphs of order n was determined for n

An input constrained channel S is de ned as the set of words generated by a nite labeled directed graph It is shown that every nite state encoder with nite antici pation i e with nite decoding delay for S can be obtained through state splitting rounds applied to some deterministic graph presentation of S followed by a reduction of equivalent states Furthermore each splitting round can be restri...

This paper shows how to uniformly associate Lie algebras to the simply-laced Dynkin diagrams excluding E8 by constructing explicit combinatorial models of minuscule representations using only graph-theoretic ideas. This involves defining raising and lowering operators in a space of ideals of certain distributive lattices associated to sequences of vertices of the Dynkin diagram.

We prove polynomial upper bounds of geometric Ramsey numbers of pathwidth2 outerplanar triangulations in both convex and general cases. We also prove that the geometric Ramsey numbers of the ladder graph on 2n vertices are bounded by O(n3) and O(n10), in the convex and general case, respectively. We then apply similar methods to prove an nO(log(n)) upper bound on the Ramsey number of a path wit...

In this paper‎, ‎we introduce a new type of graph contraction using a special class of functions and give a best proximity point theorem for this contraction in complete metric spaces endowed with a graph under two different conditions‎. ‎We then support our main theorem by a non-trivial example and give some consequences of best proximity point of it for usual graphs.

‎in this paper we introduce the concept of order difference interval graph $gamma_{odi}(g)$ of a group $g$‎. ‎it is a graph $gamma_{odi}(g)$ with $v(gamma_{odi}(g)) = g$ and two vertices $a$ and $b$ are adjacent in $gamma_{odi}(g)$ if and only if $o(b)-o(a) in [o(a)‎, ‎o(b)]$‎. ‎without loss of generality‎, ‎we assume that $o(a) leq o(b)$‎. ‎in this paper we obtain several properties of $gamma_...