The drying is a basic operation of enormous commercial importance in all industrial applications ranging through the food, agricultural, mining and even manufacturing sectors [1]. Modern societies need better product quality, enhanced safety practices and more environmentally benign operations as well as higher productivity, better energy yield and reduced material wastage, also [2]. As drying ...

This study was designed to measure the sound output of four commonly used brands of forced-air dryers used by dog groomers in the United States. Many dog groomers have questions about the effect of this exposure on their hearing, as well as on the hearing of the dogs that are being groomed. Readings taken from each dryer at 1 meter (the likely distance of the dryer from the groomer and the dog)...

The present study investigated the effect of operating parameters of a laboratory spray dryer on powder characteristics, in order to optimise the production of trehalose and raffinose powders, intended to be used as carriers of biomolecules for inhalation. The sugars were spray dried from 80:20 methanol:n-butyl acetate (v/v) solutions using a Büchi Mini Spray dryer B-290. A 2(4) factorial desig...

The cleaning, washing, drying, and powdering of surgical rubber gloves is a disagreeable task requiring a good deal of manipulation, and consequently a relatively large expenditure of man hours. It is necessary, too, when gloves are used in laboratories working with pathogens that a preliminary decontamination be given to prevent the gloves from becoming a source of infection. Graham (1957) des...

Freeze-drying is a low-pressure, low-temperature condensation pumping process widely used in the manufacture of pharmaceuticals for removal of solvents by sublimation. Key performance characteristics of a freezedryer condenser are largely dependent on the vapor and ice dynamics in the low-pressure environment. The main objective of this work is to develop a modeling and computational framework ...

Three children were injured by putting their arms into spin dryers. In each case the injuries were severe. Though not common, these accidents should be preventable. Warning notices are useless for toddlers, and a built-in safety mechanism seems the only certain means of stopping such accidents.

Janet L. Poole. MA, OTR/L, is Assistant Professor, Program in Occupational Therapy, University of Pittsburgh. A lthough a variety of assistive devices are available to disabled persons for hair care, a review of health care equipment catalogues and the occupational therapy literature failed to reveal any devices designed specifically for drying hair. In particular, persons with upper extremity ...

Experimental results from the transient drying of sheets of polyester in an infrared (IR) dryer were used to derive a performance model. Separate drying experiments were done using sheets of material of various densities and thicknesses. The formulations expressed the core temperature of the web to the surface temperature of the web as a function of the residency time in the dryer and the elect...

Process analytical technology (PAT)-tools were used to monitor freeze-drying of Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) at pilot and production scale. Among the evaluated PAT-tools, there is the novel use of the vacuum valve open/close frequency for determining the endpoint of primary drying at production scale. The duration of primary drying, the BCG survival rate, and the residual moisture content (RMC...

In this paper, a sliding mode control with a proportional integral (PI) sliding surface applied to the hybrid tunnel dryer has been assessed through simulations. A dynamic model of the process was developed specifically for this purpose. The pseudo-bond graph methodology was used in modelling the system, such methodology was very suitable for this thermal process and permits us to establish a m...