abstract background: despite the scientific and medical advances for management of complicated health issues, the current maternity care setting has increased risks for healthy women and their babies. the aim of this study was to conduct an overview of published systematic reviews on the interventions used most commonly for management of normal labor and delivery in the first stage of labor. ma...

OBJECTIVE To estimate in a cohort of nulliparous women in labor at term whether cesarean delivery rates are increased in first and second stages of labor in overweight and obese women and whether being overweight or obese is an independent risk factor for cesarean delivery. METHODS Nulliparous women recruited to the prospective Screening for Pregnancy Endpoints study who went into labor after...

A retrospective study was conducted to determine the efifects of intrathecal analgesia on length of labor. There have been a number of investigations which show contradictory evidence as to the effect of epidural (EPI) analgesia on the progress of labor. Combined spinal-epidural (CSE) and intrathecal analgesia (ITA) techniques have been used to provide effective pain relief for parturients, but...

OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to assess maternal and perinatal outcomes as a function of second-stage labor duration. STUDY DESIGN We assessed outcomes in nulliparous laboring women who were enrolled in a trial of fetal pulse oximetry. RESULTS Of 5341 participants, 4126 women reached the second stage of labor. As the duration of the second stage increased, spontaneous vaginal deli...

Mexico has engaged in many trade agreements that have left unaffected internal competition, being one of the most trade-opened countries in the world is also one of the most restrictive regarding product market competition. For developing countries, this is a field to study that still need to be undertaken. This paper relates informality in the Mexican labor markets outcomes with market competi...

Management of the third stage of labor has been an issue of discussion, concern, and continued debate for the past two decades. Despite the many strategies employed and the divergent approaches to care and philosophies espoused, there has not been a significant, consistent reduction in the postpartum hemorrhage rates reported in industrialized countries in recent times. This article explores th...

BACKGROUND Active management of third stage of labor played a great role to prevent child birth related hemorrhage. However, maternal morbidity and mortality related to hemorrhage is high due to lack of knowledge and skill of obstetric care providers 'on active management of third stage of labor. Our study was aimed to assess knowledge, practice and associated factors of obstetric care provider...

BACKGROUND Current practice guidelines recommend active management of the third stage of labor. We compared practices of three maternity care provider disciplines in management of third-stage labor and the justifications for their approach. METHODS This study is a cross-sectional survey of maternity practitioners in usual practice settings in British Columbia. All 199 obstetricians, all 82 mi...

AIM This study aimed to investigate ST waveform analysis (STAN) signal quality during the second stage of labor by comparing signal quality in the first and second stages of labor. METHODS Fifty women who delivered vaginally were randomly selected in a large prospective database including all women with STAN monitoring during labor. Quality signal was analyzed during the second stage of labor...

OBJECTIVE To determine whether the obstetric gel shortens the second stage of labor and exerts a protective effect on the perineum. METHOD A total of 251 nulliparous women with singleton low-risk pregnancies in vertex position at term were recruited. A total of 228 eligible women were randomly assigned to Group A, without obstetric gel use, or to Group B, obstetric gel use, i.e., intermittent...