Advances in speech recognition (ASR) technology have resulted in computer applications that provide compelling forms of speaking practice to learners of a second language (L2). Evaluation of such applications typically does not include an analysis of how learners’ situated motivational states fluctuate during language practice. In connection with recent developments in L2 motivation theory, thi...

the salient, and often ignored, role that out-of-class learning plays in second/foreign language (l2) learners’ development is overshadowed by classroom research. the main aim of this study is to problematize the role of out-of-class learning in the specific english-as-foreign-language (efl) context of iran by examination of the ways in which four learners attempted to revamp their english lang...

audiovisual material accompanied by interlingual subtitles is a powerful pedagogical tool which can help improve the vocabulary learning of second-language learners. this study was intended to determine whether or not the mode (standard and reversed) of subtitling affects the incidental vocabulary acquisition of iranian l2 learners while watching tv programs. forty-five participants were random...

in an effort to expand the disciplinary discussions on transfer in l2 writing and because most studies have focused on transfer as reuse and not as an adequate adaptation of writing knowledge in new contexts, the present study as the first of its kind aimed to explore the issue of adaptive transfer in an english for general academic purposes (egap) writing course. the study thus focused on type...

Understanding the grammatical structure of the target language is beneficial to certain categories of language learners, in particular to students learning to write in a language with many syntax-sensitive spelling rules, and to adult L1/L2 learners who prefer explicit rules. Moreover, grammar is an important body of knowledge in its own right. Two visual-interactive grammar instruction tools a...

The use of subtitles in language-learning environments has received considerable attention. Nevertheless, conclusive findings have yet to be reached regarding the effectiveness integrating into L2 classrooms. This meta-analysis examined overall enhance learners’ L2. A total 26 experimental studies conducted between 2010 and 2022 were analyzed examine performance classroom learners based on as a...

Abstract Second Language Acquisition (SLA) has benefited quite a lot from Construction Grammar. Most of the previous SLA researches adopting constructionist approach have been primarily engaged in issues pertinent to relevance construction SLA, process second language (L2) learning, and factors affecting L2 learning. This paper distinguishes itself research by embarking on new direction perspec...

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of using Curriculum-Based Measurement (CBM) on the learners’ achievement in L2 grammar and reading in an EFL context and to further  investigate  whether  the  students’  classroom  performances  would  predict  their  final exam  results.  To  conduct  this  study,  two  classes,  each  containing  30  female  students,  were selected  among ...

OBJECTIVE To investigate the presence of syntactic impairments in native language in Parkinson's disease. METHODS Twelve bilingual patients, with Friulian as their first language (L1) and Italian as their second (L2), with Parkinson's disease and 12 normal controls matched for age, sex, and years of schooling, were studied on three syntactic tasks. RESULTS Patients with Parkinson's disease ...

Learning a foreign language offers a great challenge to students since it involves learning different skills and subskills. Quite a few number of researches have been done so far on the relationship between gender and learning a foreign language. On the other hand, two major approaches in teaching grammar have been offered by language experts, inductive and deductive. The present study examines...