the difficulty of assessing the writing skill is well known. different testing facets seem to affect the result of assessing the writing skill. in addition to the writer’s ability, the topic of the writing task, and methods of rating may contribute to the writer’s score. in this study, 50 efl learners wrote four different types of writing tasks (convincing, describing, instructing, and explaini...

Three years of paired TRMM radar, passive microwave (PM), lightning and NCEP reanalysis data are used to answer the question: “Can we classify a storm as flashing, or not, based only on microphysical and environmental observations?”. Univariate, rule-based threshold models are tested, as well as multivariate linear (discriminant analysis) and multivariate nonlinear (neural network) logistic reg...

introduction prediction of thunderstorm is one of the most difficult issues in weather forecasting. deep convective clouds develop at small spatial and temporal dimensions about 1-10 km and 1-12 h. various thermodynamic parameters have been discovered over the past 40 years, according to data obtained by radiosounds. the capability of these indices in forecasting instability varies over time an...

weather predicts are influence in all aspects of life everyday. more importantly weather warnings are important forecasts because they are used to protect life and property. mesoscale numerical weather prediction models are key for weather forecasting, however the accuracy of the predictions are affected by the errors in the numerical models.study of the clouds is challenging and there are many...

The objective of spatial downscaling strategies is to increase the information content of coarse datasets at smaller scales. In the case of quantitative precipitation estimation (QPE) for hydrological applications, the goal is to close the scale gap between the spatial resolution of coarse datasets (e.g., gridded satellite precipitation products at resolution L 3 L) and the high resolution (l 3...

This study evaluates the predictive performance of North American Multi-model Ensemble (NMME) over Central Africa (CA) using historical rainfall data. The African Rainfall Climatology Version 2 (ARC2) is used as a substitute for reference observational data to examine capability 11 NMME and their ensemble mean (MME) in simulating rainfall. Using Kling-Gupta efficiency (KGE), Taylor skill score ...

We investigated whether supervisors' listening attitudes and skills were related to working conditions and psychological stress reactions among their subordinates. The subjects included 41 male supervisors and their immediate subordinates (n=203). The supervisors completed a short version of the Active Listening Attitude Scale (ALAS) consisting of two subscales: Listening Attitude and Listening...

BACKGROUND To study: (1) the structure and test-retest reliability of a measure of how patients perceive the therapeutic communications skills of their general practitioners (TCom-skill GP), and (2) the associations of that scale with socio-demographic and health-related characteristics, and adherence. METHODS A total of 393 people who lived in the same geographic area and invited to attend a...