OBJECTIVE To assess the knowledge, attitude and practices of relief workers posted in rescue and relief bases of the Red Crescent Society of Mazandaran province of Iran during Nouroz holidays. METHODS Two hundred and nineteen relief workers were selected as the study sample from thirteen Norouz rescue and relief bases of Red Crescent Society in Mazandaran province, which has 13 cities, for th...

The conifer needle scale, Nuculaspis abietis (Schrank) emerged as an important pest of conifers in the Kelardasht region of Mazandaran province, Iran, in the late 1990’s. This pest feeds on conifer needles and twigs causing needle drop and branch desiccation. Its discovery in Kelardasht in Mazandaran Province necessitated a local quarantine of conifers in the genera Picea, Abies, and Pinus. We ...

Acanthamoeba, a free-living amoeba, is widely distributed in the environment, water sources, soil, dust, and air. It can cause keratitis in contact lens wearers with poor hygiene and also fatal granulomatous amebic encephalitis (GAE) in immunocompromised hosts. The aim of this study was to gain some insights into the distribution and genotypes of the potentially pathogenic species of Acanthamoe...

BACKGROUND To determine age-specific seroprevalence rates of hepatitis A virus (HAV) immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibody in Savadkuh district, Mazandaran province, north of Iran, as well as to compare the collected data with earlier seroprevalence studies in the region and Iran in order to draw a proper epidemiological pattern for HAV infection in the country. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to assess...

BACKGROUND Corvidae is a cosmopolitan family of oscine birds including crows, rooks, magpies, jays, chough, and ravens. These birds are migratory species, especially in the shortage of foods, so they can act like vectors for a wide range of microorganisms. They live generally in temperate climates and in a very close contact with human residential areas as well as poultry farms. There is no ava...

BACKGROUND The prevalence and etiology of infertility are not similar in different parts of the world. There are only few reports of this topic in Iran. OBJECTIVE This study was conducted to determine the clinical patterns and major causes of infertility in Mazandaran province in north of Iran. MATERIALS AND METHODS The medical records of 3734 consecutive couples attending two infertility c...

BACKGROUND Regarding to the significant of the possibility of the malaria epidemic and nuisance of mosquitoes during the active season, the fauna and some ecological activities of mosquitoes in related to tree holes were investigated from April to December 2009 in Neka county of Mazandaran Province, northern Iran. METHODS Larval collection was carried out from natural, artificial breeding pla...

If present, kyphotic angulation is generally at the level of the cervical disc disease (CDD) in the neck, but sometimes occurs at one level above the CDD. We name this situation as kyphosis one level above (KOLA). KOLA CDD has not been studied previously. In this study, we present 18 patients who had KOLA among 147 patients operated for CDD over a 5-year period. Seven of these 18 patients also ...