Density, viscosity and refractive index of pure, binary and ternary mixtures of diethanolamine (DEA) and methyl diethanolamine (MDEA) with water have been measured at different temperatures from 288.15 K to 323.15 K at atmospheric pressure. Also, this study presents the effects of mixture composition and temperature upon these thermo- physical properties. To measure the density and refractive i...

Optical solitons with ber Bragg gratings and polynomial law of nonlinear refractive index are addressed in the paper. The auxiliary equation approach together an addendum to Kudryashov's method identify soliton solutions model. Singular periodic emerge from these integration schemes as a byproduct. Keywords: solitons; cubic-quartic; gratings.

Figure S1. The refractive index of the fishnet metamaterials for different numbers of layers and material loss. (a) The refractive index for different number of functional layers along the propagation direction. One important feature of metamaterials is the consistent refractive index profiles for different thicknesses. The effective refractive index was found by calculating the complex transmi...

The absolute phase refractive index n relates the phase velocity v in matter to the vacuum light velocity c(n » civ). It is determined by the molecular polarizability of the medium and gives insight to the interaction of light with matter and the structure of substances. 3 Additionally the group refractive index ng is needed to describe light pulse propagation, 4 5 which is defined as the ratio...

A new type long period fiber grating is fabricated in all-solid photonic bandgap fiber by periodically drilling microholes using femtosecond laser pulse irradiation. Such a structure introduces a strong refractive index modulation in the waveguide structure and hence exhibits a compact grating dimension. Both the simulation and the experimental results confirm the existence of the light couplin...

Because the refractive index of hemoglobin in the visible range is sensitive to the hemoglobin concentration, optical investigations of hemoglobin are important for medical diagnostics and treatment. Direct measurements of the refractive index are, however, challenging; few such measurements have previously been reported, especially in a wide wavelength range. We directly measured the refractiv...