Nowadays whenever a user buys any gadget, apart from the price his focus would also be on how easy is the functionality of the gadget. This means users are more focussed towards the usability of the gadget. Usability of a system is defined as the easiness with which the user can use the system to perform the required tasks. Therefore, during the system development cycle, usability evaluation is...

Benthic microalgae sampling in lotic systems is carried out using either artificial or natural substrate. Natural substrate is more suitable for biomass and productivity estimates as well as biodiversity assessment because it contains the communities that are typical of the environment. We present a new gadget for epilithic microalgae sampling (GEMS) that allows sampling in situ when it is impo...

We discuss the cosmological simulation code GADGET-2, a new massively parallel TreeSPH code, capable of following a collisionless fluid with the N-body method, and an ideal gas by means of smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH). Our implementation of SPH manifestly conserves energy and entropy in regions free of dissipation, while allowing for fully adaptive smoothing lengths. Gravitational forc...

1 Hamiltonian Cycle “Non-local” problems can also be NP-hard. Recall that a Hamilton cycle is one where all vertices is visited exactly once. Name: HC Input: A graph G. Output: Does G contain a Hamiltonian cycle? In other words, HC is asking whether the longest cycle in G has length n. This problem is “non-local” in the sense that the constraint involves all vertices (a.k.a. global). Theorem 1....

components Software templates Constraints Requirements Concrete component design

We present algorithms which allow an attacker to search for and compose gadgets regardless of the underlying architecture using the REIL meta language. Gadgets are code fragments which can be used to build unintended programs from existing code in memory. Our contribution is a framework of algorithms capable of locating a Turing-complete gadget set and a returnoriented compiler for the ARM arch...