Laurate (C 12 )-sucrose esters are established intestinal epithelial permeation enhancers (PEs) with potential for use in oral delivery. Most studies have examined blends of ester rather than specific monoesters, little variation on the sugar moiety. To investigate influence varying moiety monoester performance, we compared three monoesters: C -sucrose, -lactose, and -trehalose. The assays were...

Adenosine (ADO) has a cardioprotective effect in ischemia-reperfusion injury when administered both prior to ischemia and during reperfusion. ADO has also been implicated in the mechanism of ischemic pre-conditioning. The aim of this study was to investigate whether there was a concentration-response between the administration of ADO prior to ischemia-reperfusion and reduction in subsequent inf...

1. This study examined the effects of altering nitric oxide levels with sodium nitroprusside or L-arginine in rat hearts stored hypothermically. 2. Hearts were microperfused at 4 °C for 24 h with a modified Krebs–Henseleit buffer (KHB) that contained either sodium nitroprusside, L-arginine, L-arginine methyl ester or dexamethasone. 3. After hypothermic storage, hearts were rewarmed to 37 °C wit...

Vasoconstriction has been associated with several symptoms of fescue toxicosis thought to be alkaloid induced. Lysergic acid, an ergot alkaloid, has been proposed as a toxic component of endophyte-infected tall fescue. The objective of this study was to examine the vasoconstrictive potential of D-lysergic acid using a bovine lateral (cranial branch) saphenous vein bioassay. Before testing lyser...

Ergot alkaloids produced by the endophyte (Neotyphodium coenophialum) associated with tall fescue (Lolium arundinaceum) are implicated in the clinical signs of fescue toxicosis. These compounds were hypothesized to correspondingly affect foregut vasculature. The objective of this study was to determine vasoconstrictive potentials of ergovaline, ergotamine, ergocryptine, ergocristine, ergonovine...

We investigated the hypothesis that an accelerated Na+O-HWi exchange on reperfusion may lead to a displacement of the 3 [Nat] [Ca2'] i/o equilibrium in favor of an arrhythmogenic rise in cytosolic [Ca2+]. Supporting evidence was obtained by subjection of isolated rat hearts to 15 minutes of low-flow (5% of control) ischemia and 2 minutes of reperfusion in the presence of a Krebs-Henseleit HEPES...

Alterations in the synthesis and degradation of proteins were investigated in intact lungs exposed to the volatile anaesthetic halothane. In rat lungs perfused in situ with Krebs-Henseleit bicarbonate buffer containing 4.5% (w/v) bovine serum albumin, 5.6 mM-glucose, plasma concentrations of 19 amino acids and 690 microM-[U-14C]-phenylalanine and equilibrated with O2/N2/CO2 (4:15:1), protein sy...

Myocardial heating by transcatheter delivery of radiofrequency (RF) energy has been proposed as an effective means of arrhythmia ablation. A thermodynamic model describing the radial temperature gradient at steady state during RF-induced heating is proposed. If one assumes that RF power output is adjusted to maintain a constant electrode-tissue interface temperature at all times, then this ther...

We have investigated the effect of volatile anaesthetics on protein synthesis and secretion in Hartley male guinea pig liver slices. The slices (250-300 microns thick) were incubated in sealed roller vials containing Krebs-Henseleit buffer at 37 degrees C under 95% oxygen. Volatile anaesthetics were vaporized in the vials to produce constant concentrations in the medium. Halothane 1-2.1 mmol li...