the karyotype of pike from anzali lagoon in the south caspian sea basin have been investigated by examining metaphase chromosomes spreads obtained from gill epithelial and kidney cells. the chromosomes spreads were stained with 7% giemsa solution for 15 min and examined under a light microscope. appropriate metaphase plates were photographed in order to prepare karyotype. all specimens had a di...

Speciation is often accompanied by changes in chromosomal number or form even though such changes significantly reduce the fertility of hybrid intermediates. We have addressed this evolutionary paradox by expanding the principle that nonrandom segregation of chromosomes takes place whenever human or mouse females are heterozygous carriers of Robertsonian translocations, a common form of chromos...

chromosomal patterns of experimental animals are useful tools for cytogenetics research and animal breeding. chromosome investigations of the hairless guinea pig are rare, therefore, karyotype of hairless guinea pigs (twelve male and female) was studied using metaphase spreads of bone marrows and g banding techniques. the chromosomes diploid number was 2n= 64 and polymorphism of three type chro...

FIG. 1 Linear and Whorled Nevoid Hypermelanosis: Linear and whorled hyperpigmented macules in a reticulate pattern along the Blaschko’s lines over trunk and limbs. A two-years-old boy presented with abnormal body pigmentation and body asymmetry noted since birth. A preceding vesicular eruption was absent. He was developmentally normal. Family history was insignificant. Examination revealed line...

The aims of the study were to investigate the differences in kinematics and kinetics between the dominant and nondominant leg during single-leg jumps without arm swing, and to determine the relationship between bilateral asymmetry in isokinetic knee strength and the single-leg jump. Isokinetic knee strength and single-leg jump kinematics and kinetics were measured in 11 male participants. The b...

Time irreversibility, a fundamental property of nonequilibrium systems, should be of importance in assessing the status of physiological processes that operate over a wide range of scales. However, measurement of this property in living systems has been limited. We provide a computational method derived from basic physics assumptions to quantify time asymmetry over multiple scales and apply it ...

BACKGROUND In hemiplegic gait, step length typically differs in magnitude between paretic and nonparetic sides. However, the direction of step-length asymmetry varies across stroke patients. OBJECTIVE The study sought to understand directional variations in step-length asymmetry in terms of asymmetries in forward foot placement relative to the trunk and trunk progression. METHODS A total of...

Ten Citrus (Linnaeus, 1753) species of North-East India have been karyo-morphologically analysed. All studied species had 2n=18 chromosomes without any evidence of numerical variation. All the chromosomes were found to be of metacentric and sub-metacentric in all the species; the morphology of the chromosomes showing size difference only. Symmetrical karyotype which does not have much differenc...