In early development, female embryos (XX) produce twice the transcripts of X-linked genes compared with male embryos (XY). During the course of development, inactivation of the X chromosome equilibrates gene dosage, making the development of female embryos viable. Moreover, the biotechnologies used for producing embryos in vitro seem to work better with male embryos, making it easier for them t...

This prospective study examines the benefits of using natural cycles instead of stimulated cycles in poor responders to in-vitro fertilization (IVF) treatment. Eleven patients in whom puncture was cancelled or who failed to conceive because of a poor response were included in the analysis. The data for natural cycles (n = 16) were compared with data obtained during previous stimulated cycles (n...

tau.amegroups.com © Translational Andrology and Urology. All rights reserved. If you really think about it, the microscopic portion of conventional sperm analysis relies on the same principles of light microscopy that have been present since Antony van Leeuwenhoek first saw sperm cells in the 17th century. Cell counts, motility, and cellular beauty (based on our idea of an ideal sperm) guide us...

Assisted reproductive techniques (ART) have become part of the routine care, with a preva‐ lence ranging from 0.1 to 3.9% of all live born children in Europe and an average of 2% in some parts of the USA [1]. Despite the initial dramatic improvements in success rates and significant increments in ART uptake, the live birth rate resulting from these techniques has recently plateaued. Unfortunate...

BACKGROUND/AIMS The importance of sperm capacitation for mammalian fertilization has been confirmed in the present study via sperm metabolism. Involvement of the metabolic enzymes pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDHc) and its E3 subunit, dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase (DLD) in hamster in vitro fertilization (IVF) via in vitro sperm capacitation is being proposed through regulation of sperm intr...

In women undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF) who have an implantation failure (IF) after repeated embryo transfer, an association with the presence of acquired thrombophilia has been demonstrated, and a thromboprophylaxis seems to be efficacious in improving implantation rate. More recently a role inherited trombophilia has been recognised to have a role in recurrent otherwhise unexplained ...