the pain is the most common complaint in various diseases. postoperative pain is common complication and spatially in elderly patient because of exacerbation of heard and vessel was impotents. the aim of this study was evaluation of the effect of low-dose iv dexamethasone on postoperative pain in patients with lumbar discectomy.   in a clinical trial that studied in neurosurgery wards of shohad...

pain in icu patients should be managed effectively and safely. fentanyl and paracetamol are used frequently in icu. however experience using iv paracetamol in the setting of critically ill patients is limited. we evaluated the analgesic effect and adverse reactions of intravenous paracetamol compared to fentanyl in icu patients with mild to moderate pain. forty patients in a general icu were ra...

The accuracy of genomic estimated breeding values (GEBV) was evaluated for sixteen meat quality traits in a Berkshire population (n = 1,191) that was collected from Dasan breeding farm, Namwon, Korea. The animals were genotyped with the Illumina porcine 62 K single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) bead chips, in which a set of 36,605 SNPs were available after quality control tests. Two methods wer...

Let D be a division ring with centre K and dim, D< ? a valuation on K and v a noninvariant extension of ? to D. We define the initial ramfication index of v over ?, ?(v/ ?) .Let A be a valuation ring of o with maximal ideal m, and v , v ,…, v noninvariant extensions of w to D with valuation rings A , A ,…, A . If B= A , it is shown that the following conditions are equivalent: (i) B i...

Bayes factors provide a symmetricalmeasure of evidence for onemodel versus another (e.g. H1 versusH0) in order to relate theory to data. These properties help solve some (but not all) of the problems underlying the credibility crisis in psychology. The symmetry of the measure of evidence means that there can be evidence for H0 just as much as for H1; or the Bayes factor may indicate insufficien...

The original plan of this work was the creation of a process by which conclusions learned from one IV&V project could be applied to another. In particular, we seek methods whereby an agent can say “that’s odd”; i.e. detect anomalies and propose repairs in active NASA projects. Given the current state of business knowledge and IV&V project data recorded at the IV&V facility, the methods proposed...

The “Fourth axiom of probability theory” quickly yields Bayes Theorem – and hence how to deal with inverse probabilities (e.g., P(h|e) versus P(e|h)) – and shows in odds form the importance of likelihood ratios as opposed to simple likelihoods. This paper discusses a problem more basic than ignoring Bayes Theorem. The problem is making no comparisons at all! Just associating. Thus, if P(A|B) or...

IV jPhaseFit: the fitting module 5 IV-A Abstract Classes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 IV-B Concrete Classes: Maximum Likelihood Algorithms . . . . . . . 6 IV-B.1 General Phase-Type Distribution EM Algorithm [1] . . 6 IV-B.2 Hyper-Exponential Distribution EM Algorithm [2] . . . 7 IV-B.3 Hyper-Erlang Distribution EM Algorithm [3] . . . . . 7 IV-C Concrete Classes: Moment Ma...