sahand dam with 135 mm3 storage located in southwest of hashtroud city is one of the important dams of east azarbijan. water storage of this dam supply drinking, industrial water demand of hashtroud city. furthermore, it used for irrigation of 11 hectares of the sector land. according to importance of this water resource, quality of dam reservoir water and related surface water and ground water...

Supplying power to remote areas may be a challenge, even for those communities already connected to the main grid. Power is often transmitted from long distances, under adverse weather conditions, and with aged equipment. As a rule, modernizing grid infrastructure in such areas to make it more resilient faces certain financial limitations. Local distribution may face stability issues and disrup...

amir kabir dam was built in varian strait, at 23 km north of karaj in 1961. the dam is multipurpose and its maim aims are the spring floods control, supplying potable water for tehran city, producing electricity and providing irrigation water. different pollutants which discharge to the river finally enter to the dam reservoir. determining the pollution loads of the dam sub-catchments can help ...

Planning for supply water demands (drinkable and irrigation water demands) is a necessary problem. For this purpose, three subjects must be considered (optimization of water supply systems such as volume of reservoir dams, optimization of released water from reservoir and prediction of next droughts). For optimization of volume of reservoir dams, yield model is applied. Reliability of yield mod...

The aim of this article is to explore ways of increasing agricultural productivity in Zimbabwe in the face of the increasingly uncertain climatic conditions. Agriculture has remained crucial to economic growth in Zimbabwe while it is mainly rain-fed. The total seasonal rainfall amounts are not indicating any significant trend (increasing or decreasing) with time. Changes are only noticed in the...

Africa has a very high human population growth rate which is not matched by the rate of increase in agricultural production per capita. One solution often envisaged is to increase of the area of irrigated land, permitting two crops per year. The most extensively irrigated crop is rice, for which demand continues to increase. Rice-fields are usually flooded for long periods, providing suitable b...

Abstract Apart from flood control and water storage for irrigation, dams were used hydropower generation, navigation, drinking supply, recreation in mining operations as tailing dams. Human errors mistakes have undermined safety many dam operations, resulting serious issues numerous failures. Safety concerns also largely caused by increased population land use downstream areas failing to perfor...