BACKGROUND The need for reoperation or wound infection treatments between pulsatile and gravity irrigation are statistically equivalent, however, it is unclear which method maximizes operative efficiency and expeditious irrigation. In this study we set out to determine the differences in irrigation rate between these various treatment methods. METHODS This was an ex-vivo experimental laborato...

Climate change is affecting agriculture doubly: evapotranspiration is increasing due to increments in temperature while the availability of water resources is decreasing. Furthermore, irrigated areas are expanding worldwide. In this study, the dynamics of climate change impacts on the water cycle of a newly irrigated watershed are studied through the calculation of soil water balances. The stud...

PURPOSE To compare the temperature profiles of 2 popular phacoemulsification units under similar operating conditions in water. METHODS The phacoemulsification probes of the Sovereign WhiteStar and Legacy AdvanTec were capped with water-filled test chambers and imaged side-by-side using a thermal camera. The highest temperature of each chamber was measured at several time points after power a...

#" !$" Snowmelt dominated streamflow of the Western Himalayan rivers is an important water !%" resource during the dry pre-monsoon months to meet the irrigation and hydropower needs !&" in northern India. This study is one of the first to look at the seasonal prediction of melt!'" dominated total inflow into the Bhakra Dam in northern India, based on statistical !(" relationships with meteorolo...

Livestock production impacts air and water quality, ocean health, and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions on regional to global scales and it is the largest use of land globally. Quantifying the environmental impacts of the various livestock categories, mostly arising from feed production, is thus a grand challenge of sustainability science. Here, we quantify land, irrigation water, and reactive nit...

GOSSYM is a comprehensive crop growth model that has been continuously developed since the late 1970s and widely applied to assist cotton growers, crop consultants, and researchers. The state-of-art CWRF (Climate-Weather Research and Forecasting model) demonstrated skillful simulations of regional water and energy cycle processes that are keenly important to cotton growth. This study focuses on...

The Tarim basin is a unique ecosystem. The water from the Tarim River supports both wildlife and humans. To analyze the effects of both land use and climate changes on groundwater, a research site was established at Yingibazar, which is a river oasis along the middle section of the Tarim River. A hydrological survey was performed to assess the general water cycle in this area with special empha...

Irrigation represents one of the most impactful human interventions in terrestrial water cycle. Knowing distribution and extent irrigated areas as well amount used for irrigation plays a central role modeling requirements quantifying impact on regional climate, river discharge, groundwater depletion. Obtaining high-quality global information about is challenging, especially terms quantification...

Crop production is a process of multiple inputs (water and nutrients, etc.), and the relationships between the inputs and crop yield are very complex. This study used a model for data envelopment analysis (DEA) to evaluate the efficiency of irrigation-fertilization schemes for winter wheat in North China. The field experiments were conducted at the Xiaohe Irrigation Experiment Station in Centra...

Study on characteristics of soil, to determine the types of crops suitable for cultivation in a particular region can increase the yield to greater extent, which minimizes the expenditures involved in irrigation and application of fertilizers. With the tested techniques available for calibrating the quality of soil and the crops suitable for cultivation in it, it is possible to determine the ex...