It is commonly proposed that the number of fibers that do not cross in the optic chiasm (OC) is proportional to the size of the binocular visual field, and that the major advantage of binocular vision is acute depth perception. I present an alternative, an ‘eye-forelimb’ (EF) hypothesis, suggesting that alterations in the OC influence the length of neural pathways that transmit visual informati...

AIMS To compare the International Normalised Ratio (INR) obtained directly with the two types of WHO plain International Reference Preparation for thromboplastin in patients treated with coumarin. METHODS Prothrombin times were performed in parallel at four centres using WHO human plain IRP (BCT/253) and rabbit plain IRP (RBT/79). Sixty patients and 20 normal controls were tested at each cent...

The age-associated decrease in functionality of the human immune system is thought to have a negative impact on the capacity to provide protection against infection, in turn leading to increased incidence of mortality. In a previous longitudinal study of octogenarians, we identified an immune risk phenotype (IRP) in the very elderly defined by an inverted CD4/CD8 ratio, which was associated wit...

As an essential nutrient and a potential toxin, iron poses an exquisite regulatory problem in biology and medicine. At the cellular level, the basic molecular framework for the regulation of iron uptake, storage, and utilization has been defined. Two cytoplasmic RNA-binding proteins, iron-regulatory protein-1 (IRP-1) and IRP-2, respond to changes in cellular iron availability and coordinate the...

In this paper we develop a methodology to estimate the interrelationships of economic growth, increases in income transfe~s, and reduction of poverty over the past fifteen years. The basic question we wish to address is the importance of increases in market incomes relative to income transfers in reducing poverty. Models previously used to project poverty rates have not been specified in such a...

This paper examines implications drawn from labor supply literature for the design of a transfer program for female-headed families when the youngest child turns six years old. It is found that if the average level of support to households remains cons tant, a "safety-net" view of the system would lead to raising the tax rate dramatically while only moderately increasing the guarantee. In contr...

Integrated resource planning (IRP) is a new way for utilities and state regulatory commissions to consistently assess a variety of demand and supply resources to cost-effectively meet customer energy-service needs. This paper reviews recent progress in IRP and identifies the need for additional work by utilities, regulatory commissions, and other organizations. Kevwords: demand-side management,...

c 2016 The Korean Society of Neurogastroenterology and Motility J Neurogastroenterol Motil, Vol. 22 No. 2 April, 2016 www.jnmjournal.org TO THE EDITOR: We would like to thank Huang and Rezaie for their interesting comments. As the authors are well aware of, diagnosis of Jackhammer esophagus requires normal integrated residual pressure (IRP) and at least 20% of the swallows with distal contracti...

To measure economic discrimination, one must be able to measure the productive capacity of people, the opportunity structure they face, and outcomes in the form of income and earnings. The first two are difficult to measure but crucial to any assertion that discrimination exists. To illustrate the uses and limits of statistical analysis to overcome these difficulties, two case studies of ethnic...

The provisions for child support reform in the Family Support Act of 1988 are likely to have a large impact upon the well-being of children eligible for child support, a group expected to include half of the children in the country. The reform is expected to increase child support payments and thereby reduce the economic insecurity and poverty of children who live apart from a parent. It is als...