OBJECTIVE To illustrate the use of a new method for defining the catchment areas of health-care facilities based on their utilization. METHODS The catchment areas of six health-care facilities in Uganda were determined using the cumulative case ratio: the ratio of the observed to expected utilization of a facility for a particular condition by patients from small administrative areas. The cum...

The structural framework for a parametric catchment erosion model is proposed. A parameter optimization technique that provides a rational basis for the calibration of the model is developed. The adequacy of the model in representing a natural catchment is investigated.

Riparian zones can provide a protective buffer between streams and adjacent land-based activities by removing nitrate from shallow groundwater flowing through them. Catchment-scale waterquality models are useful tools for predicting catchment behaviour under various climatic conditions and land-use scenarios. In this paper, we use the Riparian Nitrate Model (RNM) to investigate the potential ro...

Asymptomatic malaria infection is often associated with subpatent level of parasitaemia and normal clinical examination. Such infection becomes a greater cause for concern when involved in blood transfusion and vector transmission. This study was performed to monitor the situation of asymptomatic malaria among the Afghani immigrants and native residents in Iranshahr district, a malaria endemic ...

This paper investigates Farsi handwritten word recognition using common features. Also we applied biologically inspired features (BIFs), derived from a feed forward model of object recognition pathway in visual cortex for Farsi handwritten word recognition problem. Experimental results show that the model achieves high recognition percentage even for large variations and applicability of these ...

BACKGROUND G6PD deficiency is the most common enzymopathy of red blood cells. The clinical symptoms of favism are jaundice, hematuria and haemolytic anaemia that seem to affect liver and kidney in long term. Thus we evaluate kidney and liver function of favism patients in an endemic area of the disease with a high rate of fava beans cultivation. METHODS This study was performed on favism pati...

[ I ] This study uses time series analysis to examine long-term stream water nitrate concentration records from a pair of forested catchments at the Coweeta Hydrologic Laboratory, North Carolina, USA. Monthly average concentrations were available from 1970 through 1997 for two forested catchments, one of which was clear-felled in 1977 and the other maintained as a control. The time series were ...

Catchment management requires modelling for compliance, investigation, understanding, knowledge capture, and informing decisions. The nature of the problems is variable, ranging across scales both temporally and spatially, including discrete events, long term averages, daily and seasonal dynamics, point and spatial estimates and total catchment outputs. These requirements have spawned a variety...