It has already been demonstrated that a betasatellite associated with cotton leaf curl Multan virus (CLCuMB) can be used as a plant and animal gene delivery vector to plants. To examine the ability of CLCuMB as a tool to transfer coat protein genes of HIV-1 to plants, two recombinant CLCuMB constructs in which the CLCuMB βC1 ORF was replaced with two HIV-1 genes fractions including a 696 bp DNA...

context functional dyspepsia (fd) is a functional gastro-intestinal disorder with high prevalence. among various treatment options, treatment by complementary and alternative medicines especially herbal remedies also practiced. traditional iranian medicine (tim), a valuable resource of valid applied studies of ancient iranian scholars, recommends numerous medicinal plants to treat dyspepsia sym...

Cancer is a general term applied to some malignant diseases that may affect different parts of the body. Recently there has been a great effort in finding and synthesizing effective anticancer drugs. Effective compounds from plants such as periwinkle and taxus, give us a bright view of the future of plants and their anticancer agents. The alkaloids vincristine and vinblastine which were discove...

Cancer is a general term applied to some malignant diseases that may affect different parts of the body. Recently there has been a great effort in finding and synthesizing effective anticancer drugs. Effective compounds from plants such as periwinkle and taxus, give us a bright view of the future of plants and their anticancer agents. The alkaloids vincristine and vinblastine which were discove...

Alcoholic and water extracts of many medicinal plants are commonly used in German folk medicine and other countries as antispasmodics. However, so far no data on dose relationships or comparisons of the antispasmodic effects with reference substances have been available for most of these plant extracts. Using acetylcholine as the stimulating agent, the antispasmodic effect of preparations ...

Halitosis is an oral health condition characterized by unpleasant odors emanating constantly from oral cavity. Almost 22-50% of the population experiences such a condition during lifespan and about half of them suffer from personal discomfort and social embarrassment. Based on the literature survey, it seems that the oral cavity is the most important origin of halitosis; therefore, this area co...

BACKGROUND Freckles are numerous pigmented spots of the skin, mainly confined to the face, even arms and back. Although freckles are light-brown macules, most frequently observed in individuals with red or blond hair, they are common to Asian people too. Freckles increase in number, size, and depth of pigmentation during the summer months. Histologically, freckles show increased production of m...

Pepper mottle virus is a member of genus Potyvirus and infects many plants worldwide. Bell pepper (Capsicum annuum) leaves with symptoms were collected, after using RT-PCR amplification virus-specific primers for the coat protein, amplicons sequenced. Sequences revealed presence (PeMV) first time in Iran. Phylogenetic analysis protein sequences showed that Iranian isolates shared greatest pairw...