In this paper we present a neighborhood semantics for Intuitionistic Propositional Logic (IPL). We show that for each Kripke model of the logic there is a pointwise equivalent neighborhood model and vice versa. In this way, we establish soundness and completeness of IPL with respect to the neighborhood semantics. The relation between neighborhood and topological semantics are also investigated....

PURPOSE To investigate the use of ganglion cell inner plexiform layer (GC-IPL) thickness, as measured by spectral domain optical coherence tomography, to detect central visual field (VF) progression. METHODS This study included 384 eyes from 384 patients (219 preperimetric and 165 perimetric glaucomatous eyes; average follow-up, 4.3 years). Photographic assessment of retinal nerve fiber layer...

The inner plexiform layer (IPL) of the vertebrate retina comprises functionally specialized sublaminae, representing connections between bipolar, amacrine and ganglion cells with distinct visual functions. Developmental mechanisms that target neurites to the correct synaptic sublaminae are largely unknown. Using transgenic zebrafish expressing GFP in subsets of amacrine cells, we imaged IPL for...

The aim of this study was to determine the effects of intense pulsed light (IPL) on cell proliferation and the secretion of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) in human fibroblasts and vascular endothelial cell lines, and to investigate the effects of IPL on the mRNA expression levels of type I and III procollagens in cultured human fibroblasts. Foresk...

BACKGROUND The literature on interprofessional learning (IPL) has limited empirical evidence on the impact of simulated IPL sessions in promoting collaborative health care services in rural settings. This study aims to explore health care students' perception of the relevance of simulated IPL for rural health care services. METHODS Three focus group interviews were held with pre-registration ...

INTRODUCTION Interest in the function of the inferior parietal lobule (IPL) has resulted in increased understanding of its involvement in visuospatial and cognitive functioning, and its role in semantic networks. A basic understanding of the nuanced white-matter anatomy in this region may be useful in improving outcomes when operating in this region of the brain. We sought to derive the surgica...

5-Aminolevulinic acid photodynamic therapy (ALA-PDT) has been an effective method for treating acne vulgaris. Red light is the most widely used light source while Intense pulsed lights (IPL) is reported effective and well-tolerated. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and adverse reactions of ALA-PDT with red light on acne compared with ALA-PDT with IPL.12 patients were recru...

IPL 9 is scheduled to be held in April 2016. T20 cricket is relatively new and the strategies and techniques are evolving. This is evident in the better performances by both bowlers and batsmen in successive IPL seasons. This paper presents a detailed analysis of the data of IPL upto season 8 and overall T20 career data of players upto January 2016 to design performance indices for batsmen and ...

Abstract Background Interprofessional learning (IPL) is a key challenge in Malaysia incorporating the current profession-specific medical education into interprofessional curriculum. Safe practices would be enhanced with improved collaboration among health professionals when they learn with, from, and about each other. The main objective of this study was to determine significant differences se...

Successful instruction should help students acquire robust knowledge and prepare them for future learning opportunities. However, we are yet to find a winning strategy for systematically achieving robust learning (Bransford & Schwartz, 2001). Accumulated evidence suggests that discovery learning does not help most students acquire the basic foundations, and direct instruction, on the other hand...