The ionosphere spatial gradient and its temporal rate of change in the vicinity of a LAAS-equipped airport are likely to influence the architecture required to meet the Category II/III precision approach and landing requirements. An initial parametric analysis depicts the effects of ionosphere anomalies on the position error of users for the current Category I LAAS architecture. In the ionosphe...

Powerful high-frequency (HF) radio waves can be used to efficiently modify the upper-ionospheric plasmas of the F region. The pressure gradient induced by modulated electron heating at ultralow-frequency (ULF) drives a local oscillating diamagnetic ring current source perpendicular to the ambient magnetic field, which can act as an antenna radiating ULF waves. In this paper, utilizing the HF he...

As a weakly magnetized planet, Mars ionosphere/atmosphere interacts directly with the shocked solar wind plasma flow. Even though many numerical studies have been successful in reproducing numerous features of the interaction process, these earlier studies focused mainly on interaction under steady solar wind conditions. Recent observations suggest that plasma escape fluxes are significantly en...

Solar activity varied widely over the 14 year lifetime of the Pioneer Venus Orbiter, and these variations directly affected the properties of the nightside ionosphere. At solar maximum, when solar EUV was largest, the Venus ionosphere was found to extend to highest altitudes and nightward ion transport was the main source of the nightside ionosphere. At solar minimum, nightward ion transport wa...

The equatorial anomaly is the dominant structure in free electron concentration in the tropical ionosphere. Due to its edges (crests) which are characterised by steep latitudinal gradients in TEC and are temporally and spatially variable, it is one of the ionospheric regions most difficult to image with inversion methods. In this paper we reconstruct an International Reference Ionosphere model ...

The atmospheric effects, especially the ionosphere, are the key limiting factors for real-time high accuracy positioning using the network RTK technique with a medium-to-long-range baseline separation. To investigate suitable approaches to improve ionospheric modeling towards a real-time CMlevel positioning using the Victorian continuously operating reference stations network (i.e. GPSnet) syst...

A new paradigm in upper atmospheric and ionospheric physics has begun to emerge, starting with discoveries from observations taken with the Imager for MagnetopausetoAurora Global Exploration ( IMAGE) satellite in 2002. These discoveries [Immel et al., 2006] show that the entire ionosphere, sometimes referred to as “the inner edge of space,” regularly responds to the tropospheric weather systems...

The inversion of electron density from total electron content (TEC) measurements of GPS radio occultation is investigated by means of simulated data from the International Reference Ionosphere IRI-2001 and observations by the GPS/MET satellite experiment. In both cases a meridional slice of electron density is derived for northern summer solstice June/July 1995 from the midnight to the noon sec...

[1] A constant dawn-dusk By component is set as an interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) condition in our global MHD simulations to investigate the effects of IMF By on the closure of the field-aligned current (FAC) in the magnetosphere. On the basis of the steady state magnetosphere results, we trace streamlines of FAC from the ionosphere to draw the global geometry of current streamlines in the...

Observations from two recent space missions, the Active Magnetospheric Particle Tracer Explorers (AMPTE) and the Combined Release and Radiation Effects Satellite (CRRES), demonstrated that magnetospheric O + ions originating in the ionosphere are important terrestrial agents in geospace. In other words, the two missions showed that ionized oxygen escaping from the upper atmosphere, can play a c...