Genotoxic carcinogens interact with nucleic acids and proteins to yield covalently bound products (adducts), the quantitative determination of which has been proposed as a biomonitor of human exposure to carcinogens. Mass spectrometry is playing a leading role both in the structural characterisation and in the quantitative determination of these carcinogen adducts. In particular electrospray io...

Electron impact cross sections sets are constructed for the nitrogen trifluoride, nitrogen difluoride and nitrogen monofluoride molecules. These cross sections are based on ab initio R-matrix calculations augmented by other procedures. Cross sections are presented for elastic collisions, momentum transfer, dissociative electron attachment, electron impact dissociation, ionisation and dissociati...

Here we report the first operation of a new apparatus of time of flight mass spectrometry using the tunable Vacuum-UV radiation emitted by a laser produced plasma as ionising source. Toluene cluster mass spectra acquired at different ionising wavelength are presented. Due to massive fragmentation the mass spectra change significantly by increasing the photon energy above the toluene ionisation ...

Double ionisation of He by 3.6 MeV/u Au impact is investigated in a kinematically complete experiment using an integrated multi-electron recoil-ion momentum spectrometer (reaction microscope). Surprisingly, the final-state correlation between the recoiling He target ion momentum and the momenta of both emitted electrons is found to be the strongest among the various two-body correlations. On th...

We examine the temperature structure of the IGM due to the passage of individual ionisation fronts using a radiative transfer (RT) code coupled to a particle-mesh (PM) N -body code. Multiple simulations were performed with different spectra of ionising radiation: a power law (∝ ν), miniquasar, starburst, and a time-varying spectrum that evolves from a starburst spectrum to a power law. The RT i...

OBJECTIVES To identify which type of smoke alarm is most likely to remain working in local authority inner city housing, and to identify an alarm tolerated in households with smokers. DESIGN Randomised controlled trial. SETTING Two local authority housing estates in inner London. PARTICIPANTS 2145 households. INTERVENTION Installation of one of five types of smoke alarm (ionisation sens...

Surface neutron counter data are often used as a proxy for atmospheric ionisation from cosmic rays in studies of extraterrestrial effects on climate. Neutron counter instrumentation was developed in the 1950s and relationships between neutron counts, ionisation and meteorological conditions were investigated thoroughly using the techniques available at the time; the analysis can now be extended...

We present a novel method enabling the infrared laser desorption and electrospray ionisation (ESI) of protein complexes in their native state. Using this method, we demonstrate surprising generation intact, multiply charged ions myoglobin, non-covalent haemoglobin complex, intact immunoglobulin G antibody states. The observation surviving population is characteristic low internal energy build-u...

We present long-slit spectrophotometric observations in the red and near infrared of 12 HII galaxies. The spectral range includes the sulphur lines [SII] at λλ 6716, 6731 Å and [SIII] at λ 6312 Å and λλ 9069, 9532 Å. For all of the observed galaxies, at least three ion-weighted temperatures from forbidden auroral to nebular line ratios have been obtained and the relations between the different ...