[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of a bridge exercise with an abdominal drawing-in maneuver (ADIM) performed with different surface conditions on abdominal muscle thickness. [Subjects] Thirty subjects were randomly divided into an unstable bridge exercise group (UBE group, n=15) and a stable bridge exercise group (SBE group, n=15). [Methods] After 6 weeks of perfo...

We discuss in detail the possibility of determining dynamicaly the gravitino mass m3/2, which is related to the supersymmetry breaking scale, within the minimal supersymmetric standard model (MSSM). Using the complete MSSM spectrum, we minimize the vacuum energy including oneloop corrections and a cosmological term of O(m3/2) induced by the underlying fundamental theory. We find that both terms...

Studies on cytokinin-like substances synthesized by planktonic bacteria isolated from littoral and pelagial zones of lake Jeziorak in spring and summer have been carried out. 62.5% of bacteria isolated in summer, and 12.5% of bacteria isolated in spring were able to produce cytokinin-like substances. Among synthesized substances we found isopentenyladenine (2iP, iAde), zeatin (Z, ioAde) and zea...

In the past, two separate network types with very different architectures existed: mobile networks on one side, which initially were used exclusively for speech; on the other hand, data-networks with the Internet as its most important representative. A trend for convergence of these two network types can now be perceived. IP technology is gaining more and more relevance in mobile networks, star...

Describing and reasoning about asynchronous distributed systems is often a difficult and error prone task. In this paper we experiment the Input/Output Automata framework as a tool to describe and reason about cryptographic protocols running in an asynchronous distributed system. We examine a simple certified email protocol [5], give its formalization using the IOA model, and prove that some se...

Abstract Non-volatile memory (NVM), aka persistent memory, is a new paradigm that preserves its contents even after power loss. The expected ubiquity of NVM has stimulated interest in the design concurrent data structures, together with associated notions correctness. In this paper, we present formal proof technique for durable linearizability , which correctness criterion extends to handle cra...

1 Background Total impact multipliers (TIMs) are factors derived from input–output analysis (IOA) that show the total, economy-wide attribution of impacts from production to one unit of final demand. One example is the attribution of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions of all industries in an economy to the final demand of a particular product. This metric is called the carbon footprint of the produ...

A variety of evidence suggests that the failure of cellular metabolism is one of the underlying causes of neurodegenerative diseases. For example, the inhibition of mitochondrial function produces a pattern of cellular pathology in the striatum that resembles that seen in Huntington's disease. However, neurons can also generate ATP through the glycolytic pathway. Recent work has suggested a dir...