Highly active, air-stable and water-soluble palladium-phosphinous acid complexes have been applied to Suzuki cross-coupling reaction of heteroaryl bromides under mild conditions in water/alcoholic solvents. Suzuki cross-coupling reaction of heteroaryl bromides with phenylboronic acid occurred efficiently using palladium phosphinous acid complexes (POPd) and phase transfer catalyst (tetrabutylam...

We demonstrated a simple and green chemical method to obtain Michael adducts and their derivatives by using GO as a phase transfer catalyst with different kinds of bases in water and dichloromethane, and we also used GO multiple cycles almost without reduction in reaction yields.

The cycloalkylation of diethyl malonate and ethyl cyanoacetate with alkyl dihalide was investigated by using comminuted potassium carbonate as a base and toluene as a solvent in the presence of hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (HTMAB) as a phase-transfer catalyst, which provided a conventional procedure with the advantage of short reaction period and high product yield. The factors influencin...

cis-polybutadiene was functionalized using in–situ generated dmd as oxidant and tetra-n-butyl ammonium bromide as phase transfer catalyst (ptc). the epoxidation process was investigated by 1hnmr spectroscopy. 1hnmr spectrum analysis of products confirms the absence of ring opening side products in epoxidation reaction. various factors such as reaction temperature, reaction time and the concentr...

Cu-catalyzed Pd-free Sonogashira coupling has been proposed as a straightforward and convenient route to valuable steroidal enynes. A biligand catalyst system based on Ph3P and TMEDA has been designed. The protocol was utilized for the efficient coupling of iodosteroids with diverse terminal alkynes and 1-trimethylsilylalkynes. A possible role of an auxiliary ligand as a phase-transfer catalyst...

Tetra-n-butyl ammonium bromide (TBAB) was found to be an efficient phase-transfer catalyst for the synthesis of pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidines by one-pot reaction of 6-aminouracils, aromatic aldehydes, and malononitrile or ethyl cyanoacetate in water under ultrasonic irradiation. The advantages of this method are the use of an inexpensive and readily available catalyst, short reaction time, easy work...

Immersive audio systems are being envisioned for applications that include teleconferencing and telepresence; augmented and virtual reality for manufacturing and entertainment; air traffic control, pilot warning, and guidance systems; displays for the visually-impaired; distance learning; and professional sound and picture editing for television and film. The principal function of such systems ...

a general, mild and efficient protocol has been developed for the synthesis of esters and thioesters. the process has been taking place using tetra n-butylammonium iodide (tbai) as a phase-transfer catalyst and in the presence of potassium carbonate (k2co3). a wide range of esters and thioesters was prepared in high yields and suitable times by the treatment of alcohols, phenols and thiols with...