Invasive weeds threaten the biodiversity and forage productivity of grasslands worldwide. However, management of these weeds is constrained by the practical difficulty of detecting small-scale infestations across large landscapes and by limits in understanding of landscape-scale invasion dynamics, including mechanisms that enable patches to expand, contract, or remain stable. While high-end hyp...

Martin M. Williams II Corresponding author. U.S. Department of Agriculture—Agricultural Research Service, Invasive Weed Management Research, University of Illinois, 1102 S. Goodwin Ave., Urbana, IL 61801; [email protected] The critical period for weed control (CPWC) identifies the phase of the crop growth cycle when weed interference results in unacceptable yield losses; however, the effect of ...

Developing an appropriate plan for distribution department is significant because of its influence on company's other costs and customers' satisfaction. In this study, a new bi-objective mix-integer linear programming model developed for scheduling two groups of experienced and inexperienced distribution staff based on capillary marketingin Pak Pasteurized Dairy Products Company of Guilan provi...

In this paper, a novel hybrid Invasive Weed Optimization (IWO) and Cuckoo Search (CS) algorithm (IWO/CS) is presented for phase-only pattern synthesis of large array antenna. The IWO/CS embeds the Levy flight CS into IWO as global guide, thereby enhancing search ability algorithm. At same time, in order to avoid trapping local optimal solution, mutation operator introduced enhance Finally, comp...

Polypedilum (Pentapedilum) tuburcinatum Andersen et Bello González sp. n. is described and figured as male, female, pupa and larva based on material collected in the Eastern Cape Province in South Africa, imported into quarantine in Ireland and reared in the laboratory. The species feeds on the aquatic weed Lagarosiphon major (Ridl.) Moss ex Wager and is regarded as a promising candidate agent ...

In the context of site-specific weed management by vision systems, an efficient image processing for a crop/weed discrimination is required in order to quantify the Weed Infestation Rate (WIR) in an image. This paper presents a modeling of crop field in presence of different Weed Infestation Rates and a set of simulated agronomic images is used to test and validate the effectiveness of a crop/w...

To explore replacement control of the invasive weed Ipomoea cairica, we studied the competitive effects of two valuable natives, Pueraria lobata and Paederia scandens, on growth and photosynthetic characteristics of I. cairica, in pot and field experiments. When I. cairica was planted in pots with P. lobata or P. scandens, its total biomass decreased by 68.7% and 45.8%, and its stem length by 3...

The eco-evolutionary mechanisms of biological invasions are still not thoroughly understood. Alligator weed, Alternanthera philoxeroides (Martius) Gisebach (Amaranthaceae), is a plant native to South America and a weed in Australia and other countries. To better understand its success as an invader, we assessed the morphological and cytogenetic variability of 12 Argentine populations and the cy...