PURPOSE To compare the pharmacokinetics and retinal toxicity of various doses of intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide (TA) in rabbits. METHODS The rabbits received intravitreal injections of 4 mg and 8 mg TA. The drug concentrations were determined with high-performance liquid chromatography after extraction from the vitreous at various time points. The main pharmacokinetics parameters were c...

The authors examined the role of the complement system in host defense against Pseudomonas aeruginosa endophthalmitis. Guinea pigs received intravitreal injections of P. aeruginosa, and comparisons were made between bacterial counts from the vitreous of control guinea pigs and experimental guinea pigs that underwent systemic decomplementation with cobra venom factor. In group 1 (intravitreal in...

Intravitreal injection of ranibizumab, an antivascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) drug, is currently the primary treatment for wet age-related macular degeneration (AMD) in the UK. Use of ranibizumab for the treatment of isolated pigment epithelial detachments (PEDs) without the presence of an occult choroidal neovascular membrane has not been studied in a randomized controlled fashion an...

This article describes how to give an intravitreal injection of an anti-VEGF drug. At present, the majority of intravitreal injections are administered by doctors; however, experience in the UK has shown that trained nurses can give these injections as safely as ophthalmologists. The single most important thing to remember is that an intravitreal injection is an intraocular operation, and shoul...

To report a patient with juxtapapillary choroidal osteoma (CO) with serous retinal detachment (SRD) not associated with choroidal neovascularization (CNV) who was successfully treated with a single intravitreal injection of bevacizumab. A 20-year-old woman presented with decreased vision in her right eye. Ultrasonography, fundus autofluorescence, fluorescein angiography (FA) and optical coheren...

Intravitreal drug administration is the treatment of choice for bacterial endophthalmitis, but improved knowledge of vitreal pharmacokinetics is essential for the development of optimal antibiotic regimes. We used our recently developed sampling device to estimate vitreal gentamicin concentrations for up to 30 hr after an intravitreal bolus injection of gentamicin. The device is based on the pr...

PURPOSE To determine whether exposure of sodium fluorescein (NaF) to the choroid-retina region in the posterior segment of the eye is greater with suprachoroidal injection when compared to intravitreal and transscleral routes. METHODS Suprachoroidal injection, a new approach for drug delivery to the posterior segment of the eye was validated using a 34 G needle and Indian ink injections in Sp...

BACKGROUND This study aimed to investigate the effects of injection site on the reflux after intravitreal injection. METHODS One hundred and eighty eyes undergoing intravitreal injection including 0.1 ml of triamcinolone acetonide or bevacizumab or pegaptanib were divided to six groups (30 patients in each group) to compare the vitreal reflux after injection using superotemporal versus infero...

We report a patient with macular oedema due to type 1 macular telangiectasia responding to intravitreal aflibercept injection. A 51-year-old man was diagnosed with type 1 idiopathic macular telangiectasia (IMT) in the right eye. The macular oedema was refractory to initial treatment with intravitreal bevacizumab and argon laser photocoagulation. The patient was then treated with intravitreal af...

We report a case of posterior scleritis effectively managed with intravitreal bevacizumab. A 71-year-old woman was diagnosed with posterior scleritis. Although she was initially treated with systemic steroids, her clinical presentation deteriorated. She was then treated with a single intravitreal injection of bevacizumab and aqueous humor collection. The aqueous level of vascular endothelial gr...