A data-based mathematical model was formulated to assess the epidemiological consequences of heterosexual, intravenous drug use (IVDU) and perinatal transmission in New York City (NYC). The model was analysed to clarify the relationship between heterosexual and IVDU transmission and to provide qualitative and quantitative insights into the HIV epidemic in NYC. The results demonstrated the signi...

introduction: intravenous drug users as a serious health problem in communities have economical and social effects as well as health and hygienic complications. viral infections may be transmitted through drug injection by shared syringes among users. the aim of this study has been to determine the relative frequency of hbv, hcv and hiv infection’s markers as epidemiological data in ahvaz. mate...

1 Department of Internal Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Imam Reza Hospital, Kermanshah, IR Iran 2 Department of Gastroenterology, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, IR Iran 3 Baqiyatallah Research Center for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran Hepat Mon.2012: 9-10. DOI: 10.5812/...

OBJECTIVE to assess whether male prostitution is an independent risk factor for HIV infection among male (intravenous and nonintravenous) drug users. DESIGN a cross-sectional study. SETTING various low-threshold methadone clinics and the sexually transmitted diseases clinic of the Municipal Health Service in Amsterdam and a drug-treatment centre in The Hague. PARTICIPANTS 343 male intrave...

Early diagnosis of HIV infection and timely access to medical care can improve treatment outcomes [1] and potentially decrease the risk of transmission [2]. In this issue, Keruly and Moore [3] report a decrease in the presenting CD4 + T cell count from 371 cells/mm 3 in 1990–1994 to 276 cells/mm 3 in 2003–2006 among patients newly presenting for HIV care in a large academic center in the United...

in order to investigate the effect of pharmacist intervention on vancomycin use, this study was performed on all patients receiving vancomycin in the intensive care unit (icu) and hematology-oncology ward of taleghani educational hospital in tehran, iran. vancomycin use was assessed during a pre- and post-intervention period in accordance with the center of disease control and prevention (cdc) ...

objectives: hepatitis c virus (hcv) is one of the major public health problems worldwide which is transmitted through contact with infected blood or blood products. one of the most prevalent modes of hcv transmission is injecting drug with unclean needles or syringes. therefore intravenous drug users (ivdus) are the most important group who should be considered. the aim of this study was to eva...

background: opioid abuse is common in iran. in recent years, methadone maintenance therapy (mmt) has gained popularity in this country. this study aimed at evaluation concurrent abuse of alcohol in patients under mmt. methods: a predesigned questionnaire was developed and completed after obtaining verbal consent among 49 subjects under mmt in kian rehabilitation centre during january 2014. resu...