BACKGROUND Allergic rhinoconjunctivitis (AR/C) is a global health problem causing significant morbidity and has a major impact on quality of life (QOL) and health expenditure. Despite the widespread prevalence, the overall health impact of AR/C may be underappreciated. The results of a survey designed to capture the burden of allergic rhinitis within the Asia-Pacific region have been published ...

BACKGROUND Effective treatment of seasonal or perennial allergic rhinitis often requires use of topical intranasal corticosteroids (INSs). Despite differences in recommended starting dosages, the 4 leading INSs by market share are packaged in bottles containing 120 metered-dose sprays. OBJECTIVE To determine the relative prescribed dosages of the leading INSs and compare economic differences ...

We addressed the question how long salivary oxytocin levels remain elevated after intranasal administration, and whether it makes a difference when 16 or 24 IU of oxytocin administration is used. Oxytocin levels were measured in saliva samples collected from 46 female participants right before intranasal administration (at 9:30 a.m.) of 16 IU (n = 18) or 24 IU (n = 10) of oxytocin, or a placebo...

background and aims. there are several known sedative drugs, with midazolam and ketamine being the most com-monly used drugs in children. the aim of this study was to compare the effect of intranasal and oral midazolam plus ket-amine in children with high levels of dental anxiety. materials and methods. a crossover double-blind clinical trial was conducted on 23 uncooperative children aged 3‒6 ...

Objective- This study aimed to compare sedation efficacy in intranasal administration of xylazine, diazepam and midazolam with or without ketamine in Chough. Design- To determine the sedation efficacy, an experimental in vivo study was employed. Animals- Seven healthy Choughs were examined in the current study. Procedu...