PURPOSE Although blunt intestinal injury in children is uncommon, prompt recognition and treatment is imperative. Because the best method for diagnosis remains undetermined, the authors reviewed their experience with this injury in children to determine the most reliable diagnostic method and to identify factors associated with treatment delays. METHODS From January 1989 through December 1995...

The receptor for advanced glycation endproducts (RAGE) can engage a diverse class of ligands and contribute to the immune and inflammatory response to infection and injury. It is known to be a pathogenic receptor in many inflammatory diseases, including ischemia/reperfusion (IR) injuries in several tissues; however, its role has not been investigated in IR injuries of the intestine to date. Mes...

BACKGROUND Complement has been implicated in the pathogenesis of intestinal damage and inflammation in multiple animal models. Although the exact mechanism is unknown, inhibition of complement prevents hemodynamic alterations in hemorrhage. MATERIALS AND METHODS C57Bl/6, complement 5 deficient (C5-/-) and sufficient (C5+/+) mice were subjected to 25% blood loss. In some cases, C57Bl/6 mice we...

We investigated the expression of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) in the acute phase of intestinal I/R injury during intussusception and evaluated whether anti-TLR4 antibody-conjugated lead sulfide quantum dots (TLR4-PbS QDs) could be used to detect and monitor the injury. We first established a mouse model of I/R injury during intussusception. TLR-PbS QDs were then intravenously administered to in...

Gut-derived endotoxin and pathogenic bacteria have been proposed to be important causative factors of morbidity and mortality due to heat stroke. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the small intestinal lesions caused by heat stroke have yet to be well characterized. In order to verify the possible inflammatory pathogenesis of intestinal tissue injury, a mouse heat stroke model was est...

intestinal stem cells (iscs) are a group of rare cells located in the intestinal crypts which are responsible for the maintenance of the intestinal homeostasis and intestinal regeneration following injury or inflammation. lineage tracing experiments in mice have proven that iscs can repopulate the entire intestinal crypt. it is noteworthy that in such experiments, only a subset of intestinal cr...

BACKGROUND Renal ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) is a major cause of acute kidney injury and often leads to multiorgan dysfunction and systemic inflammation. Volatile anesthetics have potent antiinflammatory effects. We aimed to determine whether the representative volatile anesthetic isoflurane protects against acute kidney injury-induced liver and intestinal injury and to determine the mech...

Intestinal radiation injury is dose limiting during abdominal and pelvic radiotherapy and critical for the outcome after accidental whole-body radiation exposure. The multifunctional cytokine, interleukin-11 (IL-11), ameliorates the intestinal radiation response, but its clinical use is hampered by severe toxicity after systemic administration. This study addressed whether protection against in...

Gut injury and loss of normal intestinal barrier function are key elements in the paradigm of gut-origin systemic inflammatory response syndrome, acute lung injury, and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS). As hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF-1) is a critical determinant of the physiological and pathophysiological response to hypoxia and ischemia, we asked whether HIF-1 plays a proximal role...

Intestinal ischemia-reperfusion injury is dependent on complement. This study examines the role of the alternative and classic pathways of complement and IgM in a murine model of intestinal ischemia-reperfusion. Wild-type animals, mice deficient in complement factor 4 (C4), C3, or Ig, or wild-type mice treated with soluble complement receptor 1 were subjected to 40 min of jejunal ischemia and 3...