In knowledge-based economy, knowledge has a public good and non-rivalry nature. Firms build their own knowledge stock not only by means of internal R&D and collaboration with partners, but also by means of previously spilled over knowledge of other firms and public research laboratories (such as universities). Firms based on their absorptive capacity, and level of intra-industry and extra-indus...

Internal friction is an important contribution to protein dynamics at all stages along the folding reaction. Even in unfolded and intrinsically disordered proteins, internal friction has a large influence, as demonstrated with several experimental techniques and in simulations. However, these methods probe different facets of internal friction and have been applied to disparate molecular system...

A technique to achieve output tracking for nonminimum phase nonlinear systems with nonhyperbolic internal dynamics is presented. The present paper integrates stable inversion techniques (that achieve exact-tra@ing) with approximation techniques (that modify the internal dynamics) to circumvent the nonhyperbolicity of the internal dynamics this nonhyperbolicity is an obstruction to applying pres...

Nanodiscs offer a very promising tool to incorporate membrane proteins into native-like lipid bilayers and an alternative to liposomes to maintain protein functions and protein-lipid interactions in a soluble nanoscale object. The activity of the incorporated membrane protein appears to be correlated to its dynamics in the lipid bilayer and by protein-lipid interactions. These two parameters de...

The principle of equipartition of (kinetic) energy for all-atom Cartesian molecular dynamics states that each momentum phase space coordinate on the average has ½kT of kinetic energy in a canonical ensemble. This principle is used in molecular dynamics simulations to initialize velocities, and to calculate statistical properties such as entropy. Internal coordinate molecular dynamics (ICMD) mod...

Estimates of the moments of inertia of Titan, as separately deduced from its gravitational field and spin pole orientation, are quite different. This discrepancy can be resolved if Titan is either not precessing as a rigid body (e.g. if the shell is decoupled from the interior by an ocean), or if the spin pole is not fully damped (e.g. due to atmospheric excitation). By the end of the Cassini m...

Optimal feedback control has been proposed as an attractive movement generation strategy in goal reaching tasks for anthropomorphic manipulator systems. The optimal feedback control law for systems with non-linear dynamics and non-quadratic costs can be found by iterative methods, such as the iterative Linear Quadratic Gaussian (iLQG) algorithm. So far this framework relied on an analytic form ...