Inferring Earth’s composition is a prerequisite to understanding its evolution and dynamics as well as those of planets like it. One might think that the composition of Earth can be easily inferred from the rocks that we can see on Earth’s surface. However, it immediately becomes obvious that these rocks cannot be the major constituent of Earth’s interior because the densities of typical rocks ...

Grandiose, quaint, eccentric or homey, ceiling design statements go a long way toward creating the look and feel desired for a commercial or institutional interior. The key to enhancing building performance, however, is balancing aesthetic appeal with effective acoustics, improved sustainability, and smart integration of mechanical, electrical, and plumbing equipment. Fortunately, the marketpla...

The stringent comfort requirements that the airliners are providing to the aircraft manufacturers, also for the small regional commuter are increasing the attention of the aircraft designer to the aircraft interior noise performance. The research on the design methodologies is very much improved in the last years providing new materials and new system like the active noise control usefull to ge...

Based on the scattering cancellation, we provide a method not only making a nanoparticle nearly invisible, but also hiding its interior region from the outside probing matter wave. By applying the interplay among the nodal points of partial waves along with the concept of streamline in fluid dynamics for probability flux, a quantum invisible cloak to the electron transport in a host semiconduct...

Let G be a group and A a G-algebra. The subrepresentation semiring of A is the set of subrepresentations of A endowed with operations induced by the algebra operations. The introduction of these semirings was motivated by a problem in material science. Typically, physical properties of composite materials are strongly dependent on microstructure. However, in exceptional situations, exact relati...

We discuss the interior structure and composition of giant planets, and how this structure changes as these planets cool and contract over time. Here we define giant planets as those that have an observable hydrogen-helium envelope, which includes Jupiter-like planets, which are predominantly H/He gas, and Neptune-like planets which are predominantly composed of elements heavier than H/He. We d...

In this section we will give an (extremely) brief Introduction to the concept of interior point methods • Logarithmic Barrier Method • Method of Centers We have previously seen methods that follow a path On the boundary of the feasible region (Simplex). As the name suggest, interior point methods instead Follow a path through the interior of the feasible region.

This study examines inter-brand, intra-brand and intra-model variations in volatile organic chemical (VOC) levels inside new cars. The effect of temperature on interior VOC levels was examined using model automobiles with and without the air-conditioning running. Potential sources of VOC were assessed by comparing VOC levels with two interior trims (leather and fabric) and by analyzing VOC emis...

Interior noise and sonic fatigue are important issues in the development and design of advanced subsonic and supersonic aircraft. Conventional aircraft typically employ passive treatments, such as constrained layer damping and acoustic absorption materials, to reduce the structural response and resulting acoustic levels in the aircraft interior. These techniques require signi cant addition of m...