this study examined the phonetic characteristics of persian sentence stress produced by native mandarin chinese speakers. we compared the phonetic correlates of sentence stress, namely fundamental frequency (f0), vowel duration, and vowel intensity in the production of 8 mandarin chinese speakers and 8 native persian speakers. results indicated that mandarin chinese speakers of persian could di...

Investigators typically analyze cigarette smoking using smoking duration and intensity (number of cigarettes smoked per day) as risk factors. However, odds ratios (OR) for categories of intensity either adjusted for, or jointly with, duration of smoking may be distorted by differences in total pack-years of exposure to cigarette smoke. To study effects of intensity, we apply a linear excess OR ...

Increased wildfire activity in the western United States has exposed regional gaps our understanding of postfire debris-flow generation. To address this problem, we characterized flows an unstudied area to test rainfall intensity-duration control hazard. Our measurements and field observations from northern Sierra Nevada (California, USA) show that debris resulted a short burst during low-accum...