If uniform coding (Gödelization) of potentially infinite sequences of numbers can be performed in PSPACEF, then PSPACE = EXPTIME 6= EXPSPACE = 2-EXPTIME, and, for all p, we have p−EXPSPACE = p+1-EXPTIME; if it can be performed in LINSPACEF, we also have LINSPACE = DTIME(2); the proof fails, when relativized to oracle-TM’s. A by-product of this research is that PTIMEF is not closed under number-...

The diagonal conductivity usr was measured in the Corbino geometry in both integer and fractional quantum Hall effect (QHE). We find that peak values of g=.+ are approximately equal for transitions in a wide range of integer filling factors 3 < v < 16, as expected in scaling theories of QHE. This fact allows us to compare peak values in the integer and fractional regimes within the framework of...

The mixed-integer linear programming data envelopment analysis models were proposed due to this reason that the conventional DEA models may suggest some non-integer values for the inputs and/or outputs of decision making units (DMUs) which those data can only be specified with integer values such as the number of employees and books. There are a few researches on integer-valued DEA and this pap...

In this chapter, we propose a pixel adjustment procedure for digital watermarking methods using uniform color space. Many digital watermarking methods use uniform color space due to the convenience of controlling image quality (Yoshiura & Echizen, 2006). However, there is the problem that watermarked RGB integer pixel values in such methods are not quite corresponding to the watermarked real-nu...

this paper proposes a new mathematical model for the integrated procurement-production-distribution problem of a fuzzy mixed integer linear programming (fmilp) type. considering the uncertainty in real problems, a number of parameters such as demand, capacity, and cost where their values are not available or known precisely, have been considered as trapezoidal fuzzy numbers. to solve fuzzy mixe...

Association rule mining is basically used to generate association rules on a real life datasets. A well-known algorithm called apriori is used to generate the frequent pattern itemsets for a given transaction. Since real life dataset consist of nominal, continuous, integer attribute fields, to convert it into binary format some type of pre-processing has to be done on the dataset. In this paper...

In this paper we investigate Multi-Objective Integer Linear Programming (MOILP) problems with unbounded feasible region and introduce recession direction for MOILP problems. Then we present necessary and sufficient conditions to have unbounded feasible region and infinite optimal values for objective functions of MOILP problems. Finally we present some examples with unbounded feasible region and fi...

We compute expectation values of Wilson loops in q-deformed 2d Yang-Mills on a Riemann surface and show that they give invariants of knots in 3-manifolds which are circle bundles over the Riemann surface. The areas of the loops play an essential role in encoding topological information about the extra dimension, and they are quantized to integer or half integer values.