Actin-myosin tears it up aspase cleavage of nuclear lamin proteins was thought to be sufficient to cause disintegration of the nucleus during apoptosis. Now, Croft et al. (page 245) show that the actin-myosin cytoskeleton generates a pulling force required to tear apart the structure. When studying the role of actin and myosin in plasma membrane blebbing and cell contraction during apoptosis, t...

Based on the kinematic approach of limit analysis, a full set of upper bound solutions for the stability of homogeneous rock slopes subjected to tension cracks are obtained. The generalized Hoek-Brown failure criterion is employed to describe the non-linear strength envelope of rocks. In this paper, critical failure mechanisms are determined for cracks of known depth but unspecified location, c...

Indoor rock climbing is becoming more popular for people of all ages. Despite the tremendous interest in this competitive sport, participants are made aware of the dangers associated with participating. The authors present the first reported case of a clay-shoveler's fracture at the T1 spinous process during indoor rock climbing. They describe the management and natural history of this fracture...

In slope stability analysis, the limit equilibrium method is usually used to calculate the safety factor of slope based on Mohr-Coulomb criterion. However, Mohr-Coulomb criterion is restricted to the description of rock mass. To overcome its shortcomings, this paper combined Hoek-Brown criterion and limit equilibrium method and proposed an equation for calculating the safety factor of slope wit...

In this paper, conceptual models are presented to identify the effects of solid deformation on the changes in rock permeabilities for (a) fractured media, (b) intact media, and (c) fractured porous media subjected to external loads, all in steady state conditions. Finite element schemes are then developed with embedded correlations between induced strain and modified permeability to simulate th...

To research the failure mechanism of layer-crack structure surrounding rock in deep mine roadway, combination (Layer-Intact structure) shallow coal and complete was taken as object, mechanical behavior energy evolution law Layer-Intact under uniaxial biaxial compression were studied by numerical simulation with particle flow code (PFC 2D ). The results show that: (1) In structure, specimen is d...

The rho-associated kinase (ROCK) signaling pathway is activated via secreted bioactive molecules or via integrin activation after extracellular matrix binding. These lead to polymerization of actin stress fibers and formation of focal adhesions. Accumulating evidence suggests that actin cytoskeleton-modulating signals are involved in aqueous outflow regulation. Aqueous humor contains various bi...

Abstract. In semi-arid Chile, rock glaciers cover more surface area than and are potentially important water reserves. To understand their current future hydrological role, it is necessary to characterize internal structure (e.g. boundaries ice, air, content). this study, we present the results interpretations of profiles electrical resistivity refraction seismic tomography collected on two con...

Because of its critical importance in rectoanal incontinence, we determined the feasibility to reconstruct internal anal sphincter (IAS) from human IAS smooth muscle cells (SMCs) with functional and molecular attributes similar to the intact sphincter. The reconstructs were developed using SMCs from the circular smooth muscle layer of the human IAS, grown in smooth muscle differentiation media ...

Abstract Mineral and hydrocarbon exploration relies heavily on geological geotechnical information extracted from drill cores. Traditional drill-core characterization is based purely the subjective expertise of a geologist. New technologies can provide automatic mineral analysis high-resolution core images in non-destructive manner. However, automated rock mass presents significant challenge du...