Neuron activity and insulin release were measured simultaneously from 33 preparations of intrapancreatic canine ganglia and pancreatic parenchyma adjacent to the ganglia. The electrical activity of single neurons of the ganglia was recorded with intracellular microelectrodes, and insulin release from the attached islets was determined with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Insulin release w...

PurposeTo study the effects of density folic acid (FA) on hypoglycemic ability FA-targeted polymersomes as oral insulin carriers. Also to change effect mixed added with various mass ratio d-α-tocopherol polyethylene glycol 1000 succinate (TPGS).MethodsThe different FA molar contents were prepared. The in vitro release experiments media for studied. Their quantitative cellular uptake Caco-2 cell...

Background: Diabetes mellitus is an endocrine disorder of carbohydrate metabolism resulting primarily from inadequate insulin release (type I) or insulin insensitivity coupled with inadequate compensatory insulin release (type II). Oxidative stress is one of the complications of diabetes that increases in both types of diabetes and treatment with antioxidants can reduce the complications of dia...

An insulin-mimetic compound (L-783,281) was used in an attempt to determine the role of the beta-cell insulin receptor (IR) on insulin release. Islets were isolated from C57Bl/6j mice and cultured for 1 to 4 days. Insulin release from individual islets perifused in the presence of 3 mmol/l glucose was 10.5 plus minus 1.4 pg/min. Addition of 10 micromol/l L-783,281 had no effect on the rate of i...

Rates of incorporation of [4,5-(3)H]leucine into insulin plus proinsulin, designated ;(pro)insulin', and total protein in rat pancreatic islets were measured. Glucose stimulates rates of total protein and (pro)insulin biosynthesis, but (pro)insulin biosynthesis is stimulated preferentially. Mannose and N-acetylglucosamine also stimulate (pro)insulin and total protein biosynthesis; inosine and d...

Considerable amount of work has been directed towards the development of optimal glucose-responsive devices for insulin release. Hydrogel-based devices offer a wide range of parameters that can be tuned to obtain easy control of the insulin release properties. Taking advantage of their unique swelling and release properties, we may be able to achieve the desirable steady state and dynamic natur...

The aim of this work was to develop a mathematical model describing the functional dependence of insulin secretion on plasma glucose concentrations during 24 h of free living. We obtained hourly central venous blood samples from a group of healthy volunteers who spent 24 h in a calorimetric chamber, where they consumed standardized meals. Insulin secretory rates were reconstructed from plasma C...

A B S T R A C T The role of calmodulin in insulin secretion from rat pancreatic islets has been examined by the use of trifluoperazine, an inhibitor of calmodulin-Ca++-directed functions. It was found that 30 ,M trifluoperazine caused 50% inhibition, and 100 ,M, up to 73% inhibition of 16.7 mM glucosestimulated insulin release. 100 ,M trifluoperazine caused a similar inhibition of 10 mM glycera...

Insulin therapy has been the best choice for the clinical management of diabetes mellitus. The current insulin therapy is via subcutaneous injection, which often fails to mimic the glucose homeostasis that occurs in normal individuals. Oral delivery is the most convenient administration route. However, insulin cannot be well absorbed orally because of its rapid enzymatic degradation in the gast...