BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE IR has recently demonstrated its capacity to reduce noise and permit dose reduction in abdominal and thoracic CT applications. The purpose of our study was to assess the potential benefit of IR in head CT by comparing objective and subjective image quality with standard FBP at various dose levels. MATERIALS AND METHODS Ninety consecutive patients were randomly assigned ...

Confounded information is an objective fact when using multi-instance learning (MIL) to classify bags of instances, which may be inherited by MIL embedding methods and lead questionable bag label prediction. To respond this problem, we propose the with deconfounded instance-level prediction algorithm. Unlike traditional embedding-based strategies, design a optimization goal maximize distinction...

When applying multi-instance learning (MIL) to make predictions for bags of instances, the prediction accuracy an instance often depends on not only itself but also its context in corresponding bag. From viewpoint causal inference, such bag contextual prior works as a confounder and may result model robustness interpretability issues. Focusing this problem, we propose novel interventional (IMIL...

1Iranian Research Center for HIV/AIDS, Iranian Institute for Reduction of High-Risk Behaviors, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran 2Students’ Scientific Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran 3Shiraz HIV/AIDS Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, IR Iran 4Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public ...

Molecular and electronic structures of Ir2(1,8-diisocyanomenthane)4n+ (Ir(dimen)n+) complexes have been investigated by DFT for n = 2, 1, 0 (abbreviated 2+, 1+, 0). Calculations reproduced the experimental structure of 2+, ν(C≡N) IR, and visible absorption spectra of all three oxidation states, as well as the EPR spectrum of 1+. We have shown that the two reduction steps correspond to successiv...

OBJECTIVES Evaluation of structural changes and the weight given to radiation exposure of interventional radiology (IR) contributions at the Congress of the German Radiological Association from 1998 to 2008. METHODS All IR abstracts were evaluated for type of contribution, design, imaging modality, and anatomic region. Weight given to radiation exposure was recorded as general statement, main...

Ss produced an instance of a category and following zero or two intervening items produced a second instance of the same category. The second instance was produced more quickly than the initial instance. This finding, in conjunction with other data reported in the paper, indicate that the reduction in latency for the second instance is due mostly to a reduction in the rate with which the catego...

Traditional methods for ATR (Automatic Target Recognition) use infrared (IR) sensors for detecting heat emanating from targets. IR-based ATR techniques are susceptible to sensor-induced errors; for instance, targets may not be detected if they are cold (when vehicle engines are turned o ), or when the background is hot (on a hot day). This work presents an approach to real-time color-based ATR ...

The amplitude response of infrared (IR) sensors based on reflected amplitude of the surrounding objects is non-linear and depends on the reflectance characteristics of the object surface. As a result, the main use of IR sensors in robotics is for obstacle avoidance. Nevertheless, their inherently fast response is very attractive for enhancing the real-time operation of a mobile robot in, for in...