Parametric response mapping (PRM) of inspiration and expiration computed tomography (CT) images improves the radiological phenotyping of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). PRM classifies individual voxels of lung parenchyma as normal, emphysematous, or nonemphysematous air trapping. In this study, bias and noise characteristics of the PRM methodology to CT and clinical procedures wer...

Resperatory compliance and resistance were measured during positive pressure ventilation in anaesthtized, paralysed dogs. Airway pressures measured during constant-flow inspiration allowed the calculation of pulmonary and chest-wall resistances, and static and non-static compliances. Contiguous studies of dynamic compliance and resistance allowed comparison of the two techniques, and the level ...

Radiation treatment to the left breast is associated with increased cardiac morbidity and mortality. The deep inspiration breath-hold technique (DIBH) can decrease radiation dose delivered to the heart and this may facilitate the treatment of the internal mammary chain nodes. The aim of this review is to critically analyse the literature available in relation to breath-hold methods, implementat...

Slow breathing increases cardiac-vagal baroreflex sensitivity (BRS), improves oxygen saturation, lowers blood pressure, and reduces anxiety. Within the yoga tradition slow breathing is often paired with a contraction of the glottis muscles. This resistance breath "ujjayi" is performed at various rates and ratios of inspiration/expiration. To test whether ujjayi had additional positive effects t...

ions, a characteristic that encouraged the women studied to take on responsibility for household management. Alternatively, perhaps the organization of the domestic economy encouraged the women in the study to develop expertise in ‘ahead-of-time’ appliances as a result of their responsibility for household management. The data on oven timers and VCRs may offer the best suggestion of the underly...

How does the nervous system coordinate the control of different behaviors? For example, different rhythmic behaviors that normally function independently may need to work together under certain circumstances. One example of this phenomenon is the way that our respiratory rate goes up when we start running. Vertebrate breathing frequency increases immediately with locomotor activity, so it’s not...

For me swarms and most of all swarms of fishes are a fascinating phenomenon. I am a designer and my area of research is design theory and most of all strategic design. The task of strategic design is to implement design as the corporate strategy. During the last years the awareness for design has increased. More and more companies have realized that they can benefit a lot from design. At the sa...

Biology has elegantly solved numerous engineering problems that are far beyond our current collective abilities. Taking the apprentice role, with Nature as the master crafter, scientists and engineers can learn much by examining organic solutions. A biologically-inspired approach typically comes after trying unsuccessfully to tackle a specific problem using classical methods. Observing relative...

Abstract Current supportive bio-inspired design methods focus on handcrafting the inspiration engineers use to speed up design. However promising, such are not scalable as time investment is shifted an up-front investment. Furthermore, most proposed require engineer adopt a new process. The current study presents FISh, search method based standard engineering By leveraging machine translation b...