Interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) is a rapidly evolving technology for DTM generation. It exploits the coherent nature of SAR imaging to measure stereo parallaxes in the mm and cm regime from phase differences. InSAR systems are active microwave sensors; they operate independent of cloud cover and sun illumination. This paper reviews the basic principle and the properties of spac...

Although leveling is a very precise technique for geodetic deformation monitoring, it is quite expensive and timeconsuming. InSAR is a relatively new technique for precise deformation monitoring and has some important advantages compared to leveling: the high spatial resolution of the data and the relatively low costs of the technique. In this article both techniques are considered for the esti...

The ability to measure land surface topography over large areas to assess natural hazard threats posed by seismic and flooding events is a critical, international need. Interferometric synthetic aperture radar (INSAR) has been used to map topography; however, accuracies are limited because observations are not measurements of true surface topography over vegetated areas. Instead, the measuremen...

Bistatic SAR uses separated transmitted and receiver flying on different platforms. Such a spatial separation has several operational advantages in military applications the vulnerability of the system is reduced, because the transmitter can be positioned far away, while the passive receiver is difficult to locate. The bistatic along track interferometric SAR (AT−InSAR) model is one kind of bis...

In the process Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) derived Digital Elevation Models (DEMs), coherence enhances the raw interferograms in order to achieve a good estimation of the difference in the optical paths related to topography. Furthermore, it is an important parameter qualifying the accuracy of the interferometric measurements. The aim of this study is to examine the effect ...

The improved ground resolution of state-of-the-art synthetic aperture radar (SAR) sensors suggests utilizing this technique for the analysis of urban areas. However, building reconstruction from SAR or InSAR data suffers from consequences of the inherent oblique scene illumination, such as foreshortening, layover, occlusion by radar shadow and multipath signal propagation. Especially in built-u...

Settlement is one of the most important deformation characteristics of high concrete faced rockfill dams (CFRDs, >100 m). High CFRDs safety would pose a great threat to the security of people’s lives and property downstream if this kind of deformation were not to be measured correctly, as traditional monitoring approaches have limitations in terms of durability, coverage, and efficiency. It has...

SAR interferometry (InSAR) has become one of the most powerful tools in radar remote sensing. Generation of digital elevation models, measurement of glacier flows and mapping of earthquakes, volcanoes and subsidence are the most prominent applications of InSAR. For most of these applications continuous acquisition of SAR data from space over many years, like with the ERS-1/2 or Radarsat, is ind...

SAR Interferometry (InSAR) is a technique that is fast becoming an attractive prospect for routine derivation of land deformation parameters in events of a long-term and cataclysmic nature. The technique involves the analysis of the interferometric phase gradient, in both temporal and spatial dimensions, as it is generally difficult to derive the absolute value of the phase due to an integer am...

When synthetic aperture radar interferometry (InSAR) technology is applied in the monitoring of land subsidence, the sensor band plays an important role. An X-band SAR system as TerraSAR-X (TSX) provides high resolution and short revisit time, but it has no capability of global coverage. On the other side, an L-band sensor as Advanced Land Observing Satellite-Phased Array L-band Synthetic Apert...