Introduction: Sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) is one of the possible complications of radiotherapy treatment of brain tumors. The auditory system of patients with brain tumors often is placed inside of radiation field and receives a significant amount of radiation dose resulting in hearing loss. The purpose of this study was to compare contouring and delivery dose to cochlea...

ABSTRACT All epithelial components of the inner ear, including sensory hair cells and innervating afferent neurons, arise by patterning differentiation progenitors residing in a simple sphere, otocyst. Here, we identify transcriptional repressors TBX2 TBX3 as novel regulators these processes mouse. Ablation Tbx2 from otocyst led to cochlear hypoplasia, whereas loss Tbx3 was associated with vest...

Cochlear nerve (CN) aplasia refers to the absence of a visible CN on oblique sagittal magnetic resonance images of the lateral aspect of the inner auditory canal (IAC). Magnetic resonance (MR) is the preferred technique in patients with sensorineural hearing loss and/or vertigo; however, computed tomography (CT) is used to evaluate the IAC or facial nerve canal. Three types of aplasia or hypopl...

Recent developments in medicine have given us a better insight into a group of disorders known as autoimmune diseases. In particular, advances have occurred in our understanding of the Autoimmune Inner Ear Disease (AIED). In this article, the authors review the different postulated theories in the pathogenesis of this disease. The clinical presentation, the available para-clinical diagnostic to...

background many clinical and experimental studies have been done to analyze the anatomical and functional aspects of the internal auditory canal (iac) in human beings since there are great inter-individual variability and structural variations that may occur regarding the other adjacent structures. objectives the purpose of this study was to characterize the morphology of the internal auditory ...

Mouse ENU mutagenesis programmes have yielded a series of independent mutations on proximal chromosome 4 leading to dominant head-bobbing and circling behaviour due to truncations of the lateral semicircular canal of the inner ear. Here, we report the identification of mutations in the Chd7 gene in nine of these mutant alleles including six nonsense and three splice site mutations. The human CH...

communication between subarachnoid and per lymphatic spaces can be due to a deficiency of lamina crib rosa (stapes gusher). recognition of the condition may alter the course of treatment that can avoid perilymph gushing. a five-year-old boy presented with a history of congenital hearing loss and recurrent meningitis. the computed tomography (ct) of the temporal bone showed severe bilateral dysp...

The inner ear is a very complex sensory organ whose development and function depend on finely balanced interactions among diverse cell types. The many different kinds of inner ear supporting cells play the essential roles of providing physical and physiological support to sensory hair cells and of maintaining cochlear homeostasis. Appropriately enough, the gene most commonly mutated among subje...

CHARGE syndrome is a multiple congenital anomaly disorder that leads to life-threatening birth defects, such as choanal atresia and cardiac malformations as well as multiple sensory impairments, that affect hearing, vision, olfaction and balance. CHARGE is caused by heterozygous mutations in CHD7, which encodes an ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling enzyme. Identification of the mechanisms under...