Urinary leukotriene E4 (LTE4) increases during exacerbations of asthma and following antigen challenge. We determined whether urinary LTE4 excretion reflects sulphidopeptide leukotrienes in the airways of asthmatic patients. Urinary LTE4 concentration was measured prior to and 1.5 and 3.5 h following inhalation of bronchoconstrictive doses of leukotriene C4 (LTC4) or LTE4 in eight asthmatic sub...

BACKGROUND Sevoflurane can be used as sedative-analgesic drug with endothelial protective properties. We tested whether low-dose sevoflurane inhalation provides sustained inhibition of detrimental granulocyte-platelet aggregation in humans. METHODS Ten healthy male volunteers were enrolled in this crossover study. Each subject inhaled sevoflurane for 1 h at 0.5-1 vol % end-tidal concentration...

BACKGROUND Airway acidification plays a role in disorders of the pulmonary tract. We hypothesized that the inhalation of alkalinized glycine buffer would measurably alkalinize the airways without compromising lung function or causing adverse events. We evaluated the safety of an inhaled alkaline glycine buffer in both healthy subjects and in subjects with stable obstructive airway disease. ME...

Acrylamide (AM), which is used to manufacture polymers, is carcinogenic and a reproductive and neurological toxicant. The objective of this study was to compare the metabolism of AM administered orally (po), dermally, intraperitoneally (ip), or by inhalation, and to measure the hemoglobin adducts produced. Rats and mice were exposed to 2.9 ppm [1,2,3-13C] and [2,3-14C]AM for 6 h. [2,3-14C]AM (1...

Effects of Aerosol Inhalation by the E‐Cigarette User 100 Dose and Effects of Inhaling Aerosolized Nicotine 100 Aerosolized Nicotine and Cardiovascular Function 101 Aerosolized Nicotine and Dependence 102 Effects of Nicotine in Youth Users 104 Nicotine Exposure from Maternal Nicotine Consumption: Prenatal and Postnatal Health Outcomes 108 Summary 113 Effects of the Inhalation of Aerosol Constit...

UNLABELLED Differences in inhalation technique with reservoir or spacer devices may affect metered-dose inhaler (MDI) dose availability to a patient. PURPOSE This study examined the effect of single vs multiple actuations of an MDI into reservoir devices on dose delivery of albuterol, with three clinically available reservoir brands. METHODS An in vitro lung model simulated inspiration from...

BACKGROUND Although benzalkonium chloride (BAC)-induced bronchoconstriction occurs in patients with bronchial asthma, BAC-containing nebulizer solutions are still being used in daily practice in Korea. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of inhaled aqueous solutions containing BAC. METHODS Thirty subjects with bronchial asthma and 10 normal controls inhaled up to three 600 micro...

OBJECTIVES The antimicrobial activity of silver nanoparticles has resulted in their widespread use in many consumer products. Yet, despite their many advantages, it is also important to determine whether silver nanoparticles may represent a hazard to the environment and human health. METHODS Thus, to evaluate the genotoxic potential of silver nanoparticles, in vivo genotoxicity testing (OECD ...

Thirty patients suffering from uncomplicated chronic Sinusitis were enrolled in a clinical study to asses the efficacy of Ayurvedic medicine comprising of Tribhvan kirti rasa (Tablet) along with inhalation of steam of Dasamulakwath (Decoction) followed by nasya (intranasal instillation) with Anu tailam. The Tribhuvan kirti rasa was administered at a dose of 250mg b.d with Adrak swaras (Juice of...