Indole, a derivative of the amino acid tryptophan, is a toxic signaling molecule, which can inhibit bacterial growth. To overcome indole-induced toxicity, many bacteria have developed enzymatic defense systems to convert indole to non-toxic, water-insoluble indigo. We previously demonstrated that, like other aromatic compound-degrading bacteria, Acinetobacter baumannii can also convert indole t...

Kovacs indole reagent, p-dimethylaminobenzaldehyde, Ehrlich indole reagent and p-dimethylaminocinnamaldehyde were used as spot indole reagents to test 359 strains of gram-negative rods growing on 5% sheep blood agar, Trypticase soy agar (BBL Microbiology Systems), and MacConkey agar. The p-dimethylaminocinnamaldehyde reagent was the most sensitive of those tested and provided results that were ...

Chloroplasts, Compartmental Analysis, Indole-3-acetic Acid (LAA), Spinach Mesophyll Cells, Tryptophan Uptake Using [14C]tryptophan as a precursor, the intracellular localization o f indole-3-acetic acid biosynthesis in spinach mesophyll cells was investigated. Chloroplasts as well as extraplastidic compartments were able to transform tryptophan into indole-3-acetic acid. The cofactor requiremen...

A screening study yielded Acinetobacter calcoaceticus strain 4-1-5, which is capable of hydroxylating indole to 7-hydroxyindole. Strain 4-1-5 grew on terephthalate as the sole source of carbon and energy and hydroxylated indole to 7-hydroxyindole by cometabolism of indole using terephthalate as cosubstrate. Strain 4-1-5 produced 0.574 mM of 7-hydroxyindole at 2.38 mM indole in 24 h with the cel...

Indole spot tests using isolated, nonhemolytic colonies of Haemophilus species were positive for 90 of 151 (60%) respiratory isolates of Haemophilus influenzae, whereas 67 to 72 (93%) isolates of H. influenzae from cerebrospinal fluid and blood specimens were indole positive. Only 4 of 117 (3%) Haemophilus parainfluenzae isolates were positive for indole spot tests. Thus, indole-positive, nonhe...

The title compound, C23H21NO3S, represents one of the few examples of a 5-substituted indole with a toluene-sulfonyl group bonded to the N atom. The benzyl group adopts a synclinal geometry with respect to the indole ring [dihedral angle = 59.95 (4)°], while the tolyl ring is oriented close to perpendicular to the indole ring, making a dihedral angle of 81.85 (3)°. The indole N atom exhibits a ...

Glucosinolates are natural plant products known as flavor compounds, cancer-preventing agents, and biopesticides. We report cloning and characterization of the cytochrome P450 CYP79B2 from Arabidopsis. Heterologous expression of CYP79B2 in Escherichia coli shows that CYP79B2 catalyzes the conversion of tryptophan to indole-3-acetaldoxime. Recombinant CYP79B2 has a K(m) of 21 microm and a V(max)...

Indole has many, diverse roles in bacterial signaling. It regulates the transition from exponential to stationary phase, it is involved in the control of plasmid stability, and it influences biofilm formation, virulence, and stress responses (including antibiotic resistance). Its role is not restricted to bacteria, and recently it has been shown to include mutually beneficial signaling between ...

It has long been speculated that metabolites, produced by gut microbiota, influence host metabolism in health and diseases. Here, we reveal that indole, a metabolite produced from the dissimilation of tryptophan, is able to modulate the secretion of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) from immortalized and primary mouse colonic L cells. Indole increased GLP-1 release during short exposures, but it ...

A number of bacteria, and some plants, produce large quantities of indole, which is widespread in animal intestinal tracts and in the rhizosphere. Indole, as an interspecies and interkingdom signaling molecule, plays important roles in bacterial pathogenesis and eukaryotic immunity. Furthermore, indole and its derivatives are viewed as potential antivirulence compounds against antibiotic-resist...