The use of animals for research remains a highly controversial issue that receives much public attention and comment. This was illustrated, for example, by the participation in the European Commission’s internet consultation on the revision of Directive 86/609/EEC, which regulates their use in this way. Moreover, scientists using animals in their work still face fierce, sometimes violent opposi...

background: determining quality requirements and quality dimensions is one of the most reliable ways of providing high quality services. the objective of the present study was to investigate the association between quality requirements and quality dimensions according to the points of view of physicians, nurses, and patients. materials and methods: this descriptive study was carried out in hosp...

in occupational and environmental health research, individual, group and community research participants have a unique and vested interest in the research findings. the ethical principles of autonomy, non-maleficence and beneficence are helpful in considering the ethical issues in the disclosure of research findings in occupational and environmental health research. researchers need to include ...

Following a catalogue of serious, highly publicized medical misdemeanours, the General Medical Council (GMC) has introduced plans for a new system of medical licensing in the UK called 'revalidation'. Under this, the onus will fall on individual doctors, including occupational physicians, to demonstrate their continuing fitness to practice. Doctors will need to show that they meet basic minimum...

Government agencies collect and disseminate data that bear on the most important issues of public interest. Advances in information technology, particularly the Internet, have created a globalized technology society and multiplied the tension between demands for ever more comprehensive databases and demands for the shelter of privacy. In reconciling information privacy and information access, a...

This paper suggests that the current social issue/problem concerning sexual harassment is exacerbated by some theoretical problems found in sexual harassment policies. There are a number of ethical considerations that need to be considered but in particular the distinction between the social and the individual is problematic in the liberal tradition. Practical problems in the application of pol...

Systems that are used to process or handle classified or sensitive information must assure individual accountability whenever either a mandatory or discretionary security policy is invoked. Furthermore, to assure accountability the capability must exist for an authorized and competent agent to access and evaluate accountability information by a secure means, within a reasonable amount of time a...